紫杉醇是一种从太平洋红豆杉树皮中提取的强效化疗药物，已证明在治疗包括结肠癌在内的各种癌症方面具有显着疗效。这篇全面的综述深入研究了结肠癌的传统治疗方法，强调了紫杉醇在当代治疗策略中的关键作用。它探索了紫杉醇的来源和合成的复杂过程，强调了其结构特性在抗癌活性中的重要性。该综述进一步阐明了紫杉醇的作用机制、药理作用以及其与结肠癌化疗方案的整合。此外，还研究了新型药物递送系统，例如纳米载体、脂质体、纳米粒子、微球、胶束、微乳剂和脂质体，以了解其增强紫杉醇治疗功效的潜力。讨论延伸到最近的临床试验和专利，展示了旨在改善治疗结果的紫杉醇制剂的进步。该综述最后对该领域的前景进行了展望，强调了结肠癌治疗领域的持续创新和潜在突破。© 2024。作者获得 Springer-Verlag GmbH 德国（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

Paclitaxel, a potent chemotherapeutic agent derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, has demonstrated significant efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, including colon cancer. This comprehensive review delves into the conventional treatments for colon cancer, emphasizing the crucial role of paclitaxel in contemporary management strategies. It explores the intricate process of sourcing and synthesizing paclitaxel, highlighting the importance of its structural properties in its anticancer activity. The review further elucidates the mechanism of action of paclitaxel, its pharmacological effects, and its integration into chemotherapy regimens for colon cancer. Additionally, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanocarriers, liposomes, nanoparticles, microspheres, micelles, microemulsions, and niosomes, are examined for their potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel. The discussion extends to recent clinical trials and patents, showcasing advancements in paclitaxel formulations aimed at improving treatment outcomes. The review concludes with prospects in the field underscoring the ongoing innovation and potential breakthroughs in colon cancer therapy.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.