有色金属冶炼对公众健康构成重大风险。具体来说，铜冶炼过程会释放砷（一种半挥发性准金属），对工人和附近居民构成新的暴露风险。为全面了解铜冶炼金属​​（类）物的内暴露风险，采用高效液相电感耦合等离子体质谱技术对职业和非职业人群尿液中18种金属（类）物及砷代谢物进行了检测。色谱法并比较了它们的健康风险。结果显示，工人（n= 179）显着高于对照组（n=168），而居民的锌、锡和锑（分别为 412.10、0.51 和 0.15 µg/L）显着高于对照组。此外，工人的单甲基砷百分比（MMA%）较高，表明砷甲基化能力较低。来源指定分析确定砷、铅、镉、锑、锡和铊是铜冶炼过程中的共暴露金属（类），与工人年龄呈正相关。工作人员的危险指数（HI）超过1.0，而居民和对照组约为1.0。此外，三个人群的累积癌症风险均超过1.0×10-4，亚砷酸盐（AsIII）是工人和居民变异的主要贡献者。此外，居住在靠近冶炼厂的居民的健康风险更高。这项研究揭示了砷暴露代谢物和多种金属是铜冶炼暴露人群中的新兴污染物，为有色金属冶炼中的污染控制提供了宝贵的见解。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Non-ferrous metal smelting poses significant risks to public health. Specifically, the copper smelting process releases arsenic, a semi-volatile metalloid, which poses an emerging exposure risk to both workers and nearby residents. To comprehensively understand the internal exposure risks of metal(loid)s from copper smelting, we explored eighteen metal(loid)s and arsenic metabolites in the urine of both occupational and non-occupational populations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with high-performance liquid chromatography and compared their health risks. Results showed that zinc and copper (485.38 and 14.00 µg/L), and arsenic, lead, cadmium, vanadium, tin and antimony (46.80, 6.82, 2.17, 0.40, 0.44 and 0.23 µg/L, respectively) in workers (n=179) were significantly higher compared to controls (n=168), while Zinc, tin and antimony (412.10, 0.51 and 0.15 µg/L, respectively) of residents were significantly higher than controls. Additionally, workers had a higher monomethyl arsenic percentage (MMA%), showing lower arsenic methylation capacity. Source appointment analysis identified arsenic, lead, cadmium, antimony, tin and thallium as co-exposure metal(loid)s from copper smelting, positively relating to the age of workers. The hazard index (HI) of workers exceeded 1.0, while residents and control were approximately at 1.0. Besides, all three populations had accumulated cancer risks exceeding 1.0 × 10-4, and arsenite (AsIII) was the main contributor to the variation of workers and residents. Furthermore, residents living closer to the smelting plant had higher health risks. This study reveals arsenic exposure metabolites and multiple metals as emerging contaminants for copper smelting exposure populations, providing valuable insights for pollution control in non-ferrous metal smelting.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.