由于各国采用不同的指标作为评估工具、不同的数据收集机制以及确定指标的性质和维度的差异，对卫生保健系统运作的有效性和效率进行比较分析造成了许多困难。为了确保各种指标绝对值的可比性以及比较单个医疗组织的活动以及俄罗斯联邦各主体和整个医疗保健系统的医疗保健系统的有效性的可能性，可以应用不同的评级技术。本文基于公共卫生综合指标的评级构建，对卫生保健系统的活动进行了全面的比较分析：卫生系统关键功能指标（财政支持和基础设施发展）、非传染性疾病总死亡率、死亡概率30至70岁时患有任何心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病或慢性呼吸道疾病、全民健康覆盖指数、预期寿命（出生时和60岁时）。对结果的全面比较分析得出的结论是，拥有健康保险制度的国家的医疗保健财务成本最高，基础设施支持（床位和医务人员）水平最好。其中，从排名结果以及各项入选的公共卫生综合指标来看，医疗保险体系位居第一。

The comparative analysis of effectiveness and efficiency of health care systems functioning causes a number of difficulties due to different indicators applied in countries as assessment tools, different data collection mechanisms and differences in nature and dimension of determining indicators. To ensure comparability of absolute values of various indicators and possibility to compare activities of single medical organizations and effectiveness of health care system of both various Subjects of the Russian Federation and health care system as a whole, it is possible to apply different rating techniques. The article presents comprehensive comparative analysis of activities of health care systems based on construction of rating using integral indicators of public health: indicators of key functioning of health systems (financial support and infrastructure development), total mortality from non-communicable diseases, probability of dying at the age of 30 to 70 years from any of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory diseases, universal health coverage index, life expectancy (at birth and at the age of 60). The comprehensive comparative analysis of results permitted to to conclude that the greatest financial costs for health care and best level of infrastructural support (beds and medical personnel) in countries with health insurance system. At that, according to ranking results and all selected integral public health indicators, health insurance system took the first place.