嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) 工程 T (CAR-T) 细胞疗法在治疗癌症方面已取得显着成功。目前正在探索 CAR-T 细胞在自身免疫性疾病领域的潜力。最近的临床试验表明，CAR-T 细胞能够持续、深入地消除自身反应性 B 细胞，从而有望以最小的安全隐患控制自身免疫性疾病。这些令人鼓舞的结果激发了对 CAR-T 细胞在更广泛的自身免疫性疾病中的应用的进一步研究，以及开发具有更高功效和安全性的先进细胞产品。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 CAR-T 细胞靶向自身免疫性疾病的机制，总结了当前的临床前模型，并重点介绍了正在进行的临床试验，包括 CAR-T 疗法设计、临床结果和挑战。此外，我们还讨论了 CAR-T 疗法在治疗自身免疫性疾病方面的局限性和未来方向。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy has demonstrated significant success in treating cancers. The potential of CAR-T cells is now being explored in the context of autoimmune diseases. Recent clinical trials have shown sustained and profound elimination of autoreactive B cells by CAR-T cells, leading to promising autoimmune disease control with minimal safety concerns. These encouraging results have inspired further investigation into CAR-T cell applications for a broader range of autoimmune diseases and the development of advanced cell products with improved efficacy and safety. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which CAR-T cells target autoimmune conditions, summarize current preclinical models, and highlight ongoing clinical trials, including CAR-T therapy design, clinical outcomes, and challenges. Additionally, we discuss the limitations and future directions of CAR-T therapy in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.