线粒体是对能量产生、细胞凋亡调节和细胞代谢至关重要的关键细胞器，促进了靶向材料开发的显着进步。这篇综述调查了靶向线粒体纳米材料的最新突破，阐明了它们在药物输送、疾病管理和生物医学成像方面的潜力。本综述从不同的应用角度，介绍了线粒体靶向材料在癌症治疗、探针与成像以及以线粒体为治疗靶点治疗疾病中的具体应用。它解决了现有的挑战并阐明了潜在的治疗机制，还概述了未来的发展轨迹和障碍。通过全面探索靶向线粒体纳米材料的多样化应用，本综述旨在促进医学研究中的创新治疗方式和诊断方法。意义声明：这篇综述介绍了用于生物医学应用的线粒体靶向纳米材料的最新进展，涵盖癌症治疗、生物探针、成像和各种系统性疾病的治疗等不同领域。这项工作的新颖性和意义在于系统分析了线粒体与不同疾病之间的复杂关系，以及为利用纳米材料的治疗潜力而采用的巧妙设计策略。通过提供关于线粒体靶向纳米材料的开发及其应用的重要见解，这篇综述为致力于创新治疗方式和诊断方法的研究人员提供了宝贵的资源。对读者的科学影响和兴趣在于确定未来研究的有希望的途径以及这些尖端技术的临床转化潜力。版权所有 © 2024。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

Mitochondria, pivotal organelles crucial for energy generation, apoptosis regulation, and cellular metabolism, have spurred remarkable advancements in targeted material development. This review surveys recent breakthroughs in targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials, illuminating their potential in drug delivery, disease management, and biomedical imaging. This review approaches from various application perspectives, introducing the specific applications of mitochondria-targeted materials in cancer treatment, probes and imaging, and diseases treated with mitochondria as a therapeutic target. Addressing extant challenges and elucidating potential therapeutic mechanisms, it also outlines future development trajectories and obstacles. By comprehensively exploring the diverse applications of targeted mitochondrial nanomaterials, this review aims to catalyze innovative treatment modalities and diagnostic approaches in medical research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review presents the latest advancements in mitochondria-targeted nanomaterials for biomedical applications, covering diverse fields such as cancer therapy, bioprobes, imaging, and the treatment of various systemic diseases. The novelty and significance of this work lie in its systematic analysis of the intricate relationship between mitochondria and different diseases, as well as the ingenious design strategies employed to harness the therapeutic potential of nanomaterials. By providing crucial insights into the development of mitochondria-targeted nanomaterials and their applications, this review offers a valuable resource for researchers working on innovative treatment modalities and diagnostic approaches. The scientific impact and interest to the readership lie in the identification of promising avenues for future research and the potential for clinical translation of these cutting-edge technologies.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.