在评估对免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的反应时，肿瘤有时最初会肿胀，然后缩小并最终产生反应，也称为假性进展。在这项研究中，我们分析了肿瘤标志物是否有助于反映治疗反应。 纳入了 33 名接受 durvalumab 加 tremelimumab 联合疗法 (Dur Tre) 治疗的患者。他们的功能储备为 Child-Pugh A 级。他们的肿瘤标志物甲胎蛋白 (AFP)、脱-γ-羧基凝血酶原 (DCP) 或 AFP-凝集素 3 组分 (AFP-L3) 呈阳性。在治疗前以及治疗开始后 1、4 和 8 周评估肿瘤标志物。第一次放射学评估在 4 周时进行，第二次评估在 8-12 周时进行。应答者包括完全应答和部分应答者，无应答者包括疾病稳定（SD）和根据实体瘤应答评估标准评估的最佳应答时疾病进展者。 在应答组中，AFP、DCP 和AFP-L3 在第 8 周时明显下降。在无反应组中，DCP 的变化率在 4 周时特别增加。 4 周时区分有反应者和无反应者的最佳截止值约为 -40%。在 4 周时 AFP 或 DCP 下降超过 40% 的患者中，有反应者的比例为 72.7%。与单独的影像学评估相比，肿瘤标志物的变化是肿瘤对 Dur  Tre 反应更有用的预测因素。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利 (John Wiley) 出版的肝病学研究

When evaluating response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, the tumor sometimes initially swells before shrinking and ultimately responding, also called pseudo-progression. In this study, we analyzed whether tumor markers were useful for reflecting the treatment response.Thirty-three patients who were treated with durvalumab plus tremelimumab combination therapy (Dur + Tre) were enrolled. Their functional reserve was Child-Pugh grade A. Their tumor markers α-fetoprotein (AFP), des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), or AFP-Lectin 3 fraction (AFP-L3) were positive. Tumor markers were evaluated before treatment and at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the start of treatment. The first radiological evaluation was carried out at 4 weeks and the second evaluation at 8-12 weeks. The responders included those with complete response and partial response and the nonresponders included those with stable disease (SD) and progression disease at best response evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.In the responder group, the change ratio of AFP, DCP, and AFP-L3 specifically decreased at 8 weeks. In the nonresponder group, the change ratio of DCP specifically increased at 4 weeks. The optimal cut-off value to divide responders and nonresponders at 4 weeks was approximately -40%. The ratio of responders was 72.7% in the patients whose AFP or DCP decreased over 40% at 4 weeks.The change in tumor markers is a more useful predicter of tumor response to Dur + Tre than imaging evaluation alone.© 2024 The Author(s). Hepatology Research published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Society of Hepatology.