本研究旨在评估一线乐伐替尼加程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 (PD-1) 抑制剂治疗的乙型肝炎病毒相关性肝细胞癌 (HBV-HCC) 患者炎症标志物变化的预后意义。回顾性纳入 117 名接受一线乐伐替尼联合 PD-1 抑制剂治疗的 HBV-HCC 患者。根据基线指标和一个治疗周期后炎症标志物的变化，探讨影响无进展生存期 (PFS) 和总生存期 (OS) 的独立因素。多变量分析显示，甲胎蛋白 (AFP) 水平⩾ 400 ng/mL [危险]比率（HR），1.69； 95%置信区间（CI），1.11-2.58； P = 0.01] 被确定为独立危险因素，血小板与中性粒细胞比值 (PNR) ≤ 65.43 (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.30-0.84; P < 0.01) 和 SII ≤ 539.47 (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.30 -0.96；P = 0.03）被确定为 PFS 的独立保护因素。此外，多变量分析表明，AFP ⩾ 400 ng/mL、HBV-HCC 合并糖尿病 (DM) 患者和 SII > 303.66 是 OS 的独立危险因素。一个治疗周期后 SII 升高的患者表现出较差的 PFS（HR 1.61；95% CI 1.10-2.37；P = 0.015）和 OS（HR 1.76；95% CI 1.15-2.70；P = 0.009）。 SII 有所下降。 SII 降低的患者的客观缓解率 (ORR) 较高（47.5% vs 32.5%，P = 0.11）。 Mann-Whitney 检验发现 SII 增加的患者和 SII 减少的患者之间的治疗反应存在显着差异 (P = 0.04)。SII 可能与接受一线乐伐替尼联合 PD 治疗的 HBV-HCC 患者的结局相关。 1 抑制剂。© 2024。作者获得 Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO) 的独家许可。

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of changes in inflammatory markers in patients with Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) treated with first-line lenvatinib plus a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor.This study retrospectively included 117 HBV-HCC patients treated with first-line lenvatinib in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor. Independent factors affecting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were explored based on baseline indicators and inflammatory markers changes after one treatment cycle.Multivariate analysis revealed that an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level ⩾ 400 ng/mL [hazard ratio (HR), 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-2.58; P = 0.01] was identified as an independent risk factor, platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR) ⩽ 65.43 (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.30-0.84; P < 0.01 ) and SII ⩽ 539.47 (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.30-0.96; P = 0.03) were identified as independent protective factors for PFS. Additionally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that AFP ⩾ 400 ng/mL, HBV-HCC patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and SII > 303.66 were independent risk factors of OS. The patients whose SII had increased after one cycle of treatment showed a poorer PFS (HR 1.61; 95 %CI 1.10-2.37; P = 0.015) and OS (HR 1.76; 95 % CI 1.15-2.70; P = 0.009) than patients whose SII had decreased. The objective response rate (ORR) was higher in the SII-decreased patients (47.5% vs 32.5%, P = 0.11). Mann-Whitney test found a significant difference in therapeutic response between the SII-increased patients and the SII-decreased patients (P = 0.04).SII can be associated with outcomes in patients with HBV-HCC treated with first-line lenvatinib plus PD-1 inhibitors.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO).