在亚洲国家，奥氮平用于预防化疗引起的恶心和呕吐，剂量为 2.5 或 5 毫克。我们比较了奥氮平 2.5 毫克和 5 毫克在预防接受高致吐性肺癌化疗的患者中化疗引起的恶心和呕吐的有效性。利用日本国家住院患者数据库，我们确定了在化疗期间接受奥氮平剂量 2.5 或 5 毫克的患者。 2016 年 1 月至 2021 年 3 月期间对肺癌进行高致吐化疗。我们进行了 1:1 倾向评分匹配分析，并调整了各种因素，包括影响奥氮平代谢的因素。结果是额外的止吐药物给药（化疗开始后 2-5 天内）、住院时间和住院总费用。分别有 2905 名和 4287 名患者使用了奥氮平 2.5 毫克和 5.0 毫克。倾向评分匹配分析显示，与奥氮平 5 mg 相比，2.5 mg 奥氮平给药与更高比例的额外止吐药物给药显着相关（36% vs. 31%，p<0.001）。两组的平均住院时间均为 8 天。两种剂量奥氮平的总住院费用没有显着差异（5061 美元与 5160 美元，p = 0.07）。工具变量分析显示了一致的结果。肺癌化疗期间预防性使用奥氮平 2.5 毫克与额外止吐药物的使用率高于奥氮平 5 毫克。© 2024。作者。

Olanzapine is prescribed as prophylaxis for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting at a dose of 2.5 or 5 mg in Asian countries. We compared the effectiveness of olanzapine 2.5 mg and 5 mg in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among patients receiving high-emetogenic chemotherapy for lung cancer.Using a Japanese national inpatient database, we identified patients who received olanzapine doses of 2.5 or 5 mg during high-emetogenic chemotherapy for lung cancer between January 2016 and March 2021. We conducted a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis with adjustment for various factors, including those affecting olanzapine metabolism. The outcomes were additional antiemetic drug administration (within 2-5 days after chemotherapy initiation), length of hospital stay, and total hospitalization costs.Olanzapine 2.5 and 5.0 mg were used in 2905 and 4287 patients, respectively. The propensity score-matched analysis showed that olanzapine 2.5 mg administration was significantly associated with a higher proportion of additional antiemetic drug administration (36% vs. 31%, p < 0.001) than olanzapine 5 mg. The median length of hospital stay was 8 days in both groups. Total hospitalization cost did not differ significantly between the two doses of olanzapine (5061 vs. 5160 USD, p = 0.07). The instrumental variable analysis demonstrated compatible results.Prophylactic use of olanzapine 2.5 mg during chemotherapy for lung cancer was associated with a higher rate of additional antiemetic drugs than olanzapine 5 mg.© 2024. The Author(s).