血吸虫病被世界卫生组织正式命名为一种被忽视的热带病，是由血吸虫属吸虫引起的一种严重寄生虫病。它是一种常见传染病，在超过 78 个国家流行。该疾病可累及多个器官，对公共卫生构成深远的挑战。在此，我们介绍了五位表现各异的患者：一名无症状患者，通过结肠镜筛查被诊断为结肠血吸虫病；一名无症状患者，通过结肠镜检查被诊断为结肠血吸虫病； 2 临床怀疑结肠癌的患者；以及 2 名临床诊断为炎症性肠病的患者。所有患者均经过结肠镜检查和组织病理学检查后确诊为结肠血吸虫病。描述了患者的临床表现、结肠镜检查特征和组织学检查结果。大多数患者在口服吡喹酮后表现出显着的临床改善。肠血吸虫病可表现出与其他胃肠道疾病相似的特征。对于居住在流行地区或去过流行地区的患者，应将这种疾病作为诊断考虑因素。©作者 2024。百事登出版集团有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Schistosomiasis, officially named as a neglected tropical disease by The World Health Organization, is a serious parasitic disease caused by trematode flukes of the genus Schistosoma. It is a common infectious disease, endemic in more than 78 countries. The disease can involve various organs and poses far-reaching public health challenges.Here, we present a series of five patients with variable presentations: an asymptomatic patient who was diagnosed with colonic schistosomiasis upon screening colonoscopy; 2 patients with clinical suspicion of colonic cancer; and 2 patients with a clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. All patients were subsequently confirmed to have colonic schistosomiasis after colonoscopy and histopathologic examination. The clinical manifestations, colonoscopy features and histologic findings of the patients are described. Most of the patients showed significant clinical improvement following administration of oral praziquantel.Intestinal schistosomiasis can present with features mimicking other gastrointestinal conditions. This disease should be a diagnostic consideration in patients who live in or have traveled to endemic areas.©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.