青少年在初潮后，直到生殖轴完全成熟之前，月经周期通常不规律。这篇综述探讨了青少年月经规律是如何建立的，以及与延长月经规律性相关的健康风险。横断面研究表明，青少年月经规律性延长与持续月经功能障碍、心脏代谢紊乱、癌症、和总死亡率。重要的是，其中一些心脏代谢关联与 PCOS 状态无关。月经周期可作为评估整体健康状况的生命体征。虽然需要进一步的纵向研究来建立因果关系，但这些发现强调了对具有较长周期规律的青少年进行早期干预以减轻未来风险的关键窗口。版权所有 © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

Adolescents often have irregular menstrual cycles after menarche until the reproductive axis fully matures. This review explores how menstrual regularity is established and the health risks associated with prolonged time to cycle regularity in adolescents.Cross-sectional studies show an association between prolonged time to cycle regularity in adolescents and increased risks for ongoing menstrual dysfunction, cardiometabolic disorders, cancers, and overall mortality. Importantly, some of these cardiometabolic associations are independent of PCOS status.The menstrual cycle can be used as a vital sign for assessing overall health. While further longitudinal studies are needed to establish causal relationships, these findings highlight a crucial window for early intervention in adolescents with prolonged time to cycle regularity to mitigate future risks.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.