植物药是潜在的增强免疫力的成分，具有有效的抗囊肿特性、最小的副作用和生物医学应用，使其对于对抗各种疾病具有重要价值。印度因阿育吠陀而闻名于世，这是一种古老的治疗方法，以其识别疾病根源的整体方法而闻名。图尔西（Ocimum sainttum）是印度常见的家庭药物。虽然图尔西等植物精油的药用特性早已得到认可，但人们对它们合成金纳米颗粒 (AuNP) 的潜力及其对抗乳腺癌的功效（特别是在免疫抑制条件下）的了解还存在差距。我们研究了从 O. sainttum 中分离出的精油在 AuNP 合成中的潜在应用及其对抗 MCF-7 乳腺癌的功效。气相色谱-质谱法鉴定出对乳腺癌细胞具有潜在抗癌作用的化合物。合成的 AuNPs 对院内铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、霍乱弧菌和枯草芽孢杆菌菌株表现出较高的血液相容性和抗菌活性。 Os-AuNPs 诱导染色体不稳定和 G2/M 细胞周期有丝分裂停滞。随后的荧光和细胞细胞术研究证明了 ROS 的全身释放、线粒体膜电位的去极化以及凋亡小体的产生。 DNA 损伤和彗星试验证实了合成 AuNP 的抗癌潜力。这项研究阐明了 O. sainttum 衍生的 AuNP 在乳腺癌治疗中的潜力，为未来基于 AuNP 的生物医学疗法铺平了道路。该期刊版权所有 © 英国皇家化学学会。

Phytomedicines are potential immunity-boosting components with effective anticystic properties, minimal side effects, and biomedical applications, making them valuable for combating various diseases. India is renowned globally for Ayurveda, an ancient treatment methodology known for its holistic approach in identifying the root cause of diseases. Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) is a common household medicine in India. While essential oils from plants like Tulsi have long been recognized for their medicinal properties, there is a gap in understanding their potential in synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their efficacy against breast carcinoma, particularly in the context of immunosuppressive conditions. We investigated the potential application of essential oils isolated from O. sanctum in the synthesis of AuNPs and their efficacy against MCF-7 breast carcinoma. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy identified compounds with potential anticancer effects against breast cancer cells. Synthesised AuNPs displayed high hemocompatibility and antimicrobial activity against nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus subtilis strains. Os-AuNPs induced chromosomal instability and mitotic arrest in the G2/M cell cycle phase. Subsequent fluorescence and cell cytometry studies demonstrated the systemic release of ROS, depolarisation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and production of apoptotic bodies. DNA damage and comet assays confirmed the anticancer potential of synthesised AuNPs. This study illuminates the potential of O. sanctum-derived AuNPs in breast carcinoma treatment, paving the way for future AuNP-based therapies in biomedicine.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.