胶质瘤是原发性脑肿瘤中最常见的一类亚型，具有较高的死亡率。然而，由于其对化疗的敏感性，少突胶质瘤的预后比其他亚型更好。考虑到少突胶质瘤的低发病率以及相关信息的匮乏，特别是在伊朗，本研究旨在评估其基本特征。在这项描述性回顾性研究中，通过审查Shohada-e Tajrish医院病理科报告档案，确定了确诊少突胶质瘤的患者，时间跨度为2008-2014年。年龄、性别、位置和肿瘤分级等信息被提取并输入SPSS统计软件进行分析。共纳入182例患者，包括115名男性（63.2％）和67名女性（36.8％），平均年龄为38.5±13.36岁。明显的前额叶受累者有53例（29.1％），顶叶有31例（17.0％），颞叶有22例（12.1％），前顶区有15例（8.2％），枕顶区有11例（6.0％），颞顶区和前颞区各有9名患者（4.9％），枕叶有5名（2.7％），脑干有4名（2.2％）。此外，108例（59.3％）患有2级肿瘤，其余74例（40.7％）患有3级恶性少突胶质瘤。脑干少突胶质瘤患者的平均年龄显著低于其他患者（p = 0.025）。少突胶质瘤通常影响前额叶，其次是顶叶和颞叶。具有脑干病变的患者的平均年龄显著低于其他患者。年龄、性别或肿瘤位置并不独立预测更高级别的病变。

Gliomas are the most prevalent subgroup of primary brain tumors with a relatively high mortality. However, oligodendrogliomas have a better prognosis compared to other subtypes due to their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Considering the low incidence and the resulting lack of information about oligodendrogliomas, particularly in Iran, this study aimed at assessing their basic characteristics.In this descriptive retrospective study, patients with definite diagnosis of oligodendroglioma were identified by reviewing the archives of pathology reports at the department of pathology of Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital during years 2008 to 2014. Age, gender, location, and the grade of the tumor were extracted and entered to the SPSS statistical software for analysis.A total of 182 patients, including 115 males (63.2%) and 67 females (36.8%), were included with a mean age of 38.5±13.36 years. Frontal lobe was involved in 53 patients (29.1%), parietal lobe in 31 (17.0%), temporal lobe in 22 (12.1%), frontoparietal area in 15 (8.2%), parieto-occipital area in 11 (6.0%), temporoparietal and frontotemporal areas each in 9 subjects (4.9%), occipital lobe in 5 (2.7%), and the brainstem in 4 (2.2%). Furthermore, 108 cases (59.3%) had grade-2 and the remaining74 patients (40.7%) had grade-3 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. The mean age of subjects with brainstem oligodendrogliomas was significantly lower than the other patients (p=0.025).Oligodendrogliomas commonly effects the frontal lobe, followed by the parietal and temporal lobes. The mean age of subjects with brainstem lesions was significantly lower than other patients. Age, gender or location of the tumor did not independently predict a higher grade lesion.