DNA病毒，卡波西氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）和埃普斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV），是γ疱疹病毒亚科的成员，这是一组病毒，其感染与多种恶性肿瘤，包括癌症相关。这些病毒的主要宿主是人类，像所有的疱疹病毒一样，这些病原体的感染是终身的。由于γ疱疹病毒感染的持久性和感染个体发生癌变的潜力，我们急切需要了解这些病毒的生物学，以及它们如何在宿主细胞中保持不被察觉和肿瘤发生的机制。蛋白质组学是已经为这些过程提供了很多深入的认识的方法。蛋白质组学是对由基因组编码的所有蛋白质的研究，可以允许（i）鉴定来自给定基因组的现有和新的蛋白质，（ii）测试系统内的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用，以及（iii）探索治疗恶性肿瘤的可药性靶点。在这一章中，我们探讨了蛋白质组学如何促进我们对γ疱疹病毒生物学和它们致癌过程的现有认识，以及蛋白质组学在检测和治疗γ疱疹病毒相关癌症方面的临床应用。版权所有©2021 Elsevier公司。

The DNA viruses, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are members of the gammaherpesvirus subfamily, a group of viruses whose infection is associated with multiple malignancies, including cancer. The primary host for these viruses is humans and, like all herpesviruses, infection with these pathogens is lifelong. Due to the persistence of gammaherpesvirus infection and the potential for cancer formation in infected individuals, there is a driving need to understand not only the biology of these viruses and how they remain undetected in host cells but also the mechanism(s) by which tumorigenesis occurs. One of the methods that has provided much insight into these processes is proteomics. Proteomics is the study of all the proteins that are encoded by a genome and allows for (i) identification of existing and novel proteins derived from a given genome, (ii) interrogation of protein-protein interactions within a system, and (iii) discovery of druggable targets for the treatment of malignancies. In this chapter, we explore how proteomics has contributed to our current understanding of gammaherpesvirus biology and their oncogenic processes, as well as the clinical applications of proteomics for the detection and treatment of gammaherpesvirus-associated cancers.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.