葡萄糖甘露醇转移酶（UGTs）是一种酶超家族，它催化从活化核苷酸糖向受体分子的糖基残基转移。除了各种内源性化合物，许多异物也是UGTs的底物。由于形成的糖苷通常比非糖基物质更活性低/毒性低且更亲水性强，因此UGTs可以有效地保护生物免受潜在有害异物的损害。因此，增加UGT表达和/或活性可以提高生物体的保护能力，并有助于个体的发展，这些个体对某些异物更具抗性。虽然现在已经知道UGTs在人类癌细胞对化疗的抵抗中的作用，但其他生物和其他异物引起的反应却没有受到太多关注。本综述旨在通过介绍UGTs在各种生物的异物抵抗中的作用的复杂信息来填补这一知识空白。这份已有信息的总结和评估显示UGTs不仅在人类中，在许多其他生物体中，如寄生虫、昆虫和植物中都发挥了重要的防御异物的作用。此外，许多最近的研究清楚地表明，UGTs参与了线虫对驱虫药、昆虫对杀虫剂、杂草对除草剂以及人类对各种药物的抗性（不仅限于癌症治疗中使用的药物，还包括治疗癫痫、精神障碍、高血压、高胆固醇以及HIV感染的药物）。然而，尽管UGTs在不同生物中对异物抵抗的贡献已经变得明显，但许多信息仍然缺失，例如UGT调节机制。

Uridine diphosphate sugar-utilizing glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are an enzyme superfamily that catalyzes glycosyl residues transfer from activated nucleotide sugars to acceptor molecules. In addition to various endogenous compounds, numerous xenobiotics are substrates of UGTs. As the glycosides formed are generally less active/toxic and more hydrophilic than aglycones, UGTs effectively protect organisms from potentially harmful xenobiotics. Therefore, increased UGT expression and/or activity improve the protection of the organism and may contribute to the development of individuals that become more resistant to certain xenobiotics. While the function of UGTs in the resistance of human cancer cells to chemotherapy is now well known, other organisms and other xenobiotics have attracted much less attention. This review was designed to fill this knowledge gap by presenting complex information about the role of UGTs in xenobiotic-resistance in various organisms. This summarization and evaluation of the available information reveals that UGTs play an important role in defense against xenobiotics not only in humans, but in countless other organisms such as parasites, insects, and plants. Moreover, many recent studies clearly show the participation of UGTs in the resistance of nematodes to anthelmintics, insects to insecticides, weeds to herbicides as well as humans to various drugs (not only those used in cancer therapy but also in the treatment of epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and HIV infection). Nevertheless, although the contribution of UGTs to xenobiotic resistance in diverse organisms has become obvious, many pieces of information remain missing, for example with regard to the mechanisms of UGT regulation.