幽门螺杆菌与多种胃病，如慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌的关联以及它在全球的高发病率，促使使用适当且快速的诊断方法以及监测病原体根除的必要性。 有可供选择的诊断方法，可以分为侵入性或非侵入性，最佳方法的选择取决于患者的临床情况以及诊断测试的灵敏度、特异度和可获得性。本文综述了目前所有可用的诊断方法，包括侵入性方法：内窥镜、组织学、培养和分子方法以及快速脲酶试验（RUT），以及非侵入性方法：尿素呼气试验（UBT）、血清学检测、生物传感器、微流控技术和粪便抗原检测（SAT）。此外，它列出了每种诊断方法的优缺点以及主要进展。最后，还讨论了关于开发新的诊断工具，例如基于细菌噬菌体的H. pylori诊断工具的研究。

The association of Helicobacter pylori to several gastric diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer, and its high prevalence worldwide, raised the necessity to use methods for a proper and fast diagnosis and monitoring the pathogen eradication. Available diagnostic methods can be classified as invasive or non-invasive, and the selection of the best relies on the clinical condition of the patient, as well as on the sensitivity, specificity, and accessibility of the diagnostic test. This review summarises all diagnostic methods currently available, including the invasive methods: endoscopy, histology, culture, and molecular methods, and the rapid urease test (RUT), as well as the non-invasive methods urea breath test (UBT), serological assays, biosensors, and microfluidic devices and the stool antigen test (SAT). Moreover, it lists the diagnostic advantages and limitations, as well as the main advances for each methodology. In the end, research on the development of new diagnostic methods, such as bacteriophage-based H. pylori diagnostic tools, is also discussed.