血吸虫病是一种被忽视的热带病，由血吸虫属的吸虫引起。血吸虫属的血吸虫（Schistosoma haematobium）会引发泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病（UGS），这是一种慢性疾病，其特点是泌尿生殖道的病变，可能导致严重的致病率，然而其治疗标准尚不明确。我们对TropNet中心进行了一项调查，以了解并管理并发症泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病（cUGS）的临床表现和治疗策略。我们回顾了在20年的时间跨度内（2001年1月至2020年12月）在TropNet中心看诊的患者的临床记录。cUGS的病例定义包括泌尿生殖癌的存在、梗阻性尿路疾病、各级肾功能不全和导致不孕不育的女性或男性生殖器官受累。收集的数据包括人口统计学信息、患者类别（旅行者或移民）、影像学数据、微生物学数据（血清学结果和尿中虫卵的存在/缺失）、组织学特征和上次就诊的结果。八个中心至少有一个病例。总体而言，31名患者符合纳入标准。包括患者中，撒哈拉以南非洲是感染最可能发生的地方。患者的中位年龄为30.6岁（范围为21-46岁，四分位距IQR为27-33岁）。大多数患者（28/31，90.3%）为男性。 肾积水是最常见的并发症，在18名（58.1%）患者中出现，其次是癌症，在5名患者中（16.1%）出现。27名患者（87.1%）需要某种形式的手术治疗。各中心使用吡喹酮的情况不同，使用了六种不同的方案。我们的调查中很少发现cUGS的病例，可能表明这种疾病的诊断存在欠缺。肾积水是观察到的最常见的泌尿生殖并发症，大多数患者需要侵入性治疗。感染血吸虫病的患者可能会导致严重的致病率，因此需要多学科的治疗方法。因此，迫切需要制定共同的早期诊断和治疗方案。©International Society of Travel Medicine 2022. 由Oxford University Press发表。保留所有权利。如需权限，请发送电子邮件至journals.permissions@oup.com。

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. Schistosoma haematobium causes urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS), a chronic disease characterized by pathology of the urogenital tract leading to potentially severe morbidity for which the treatment is poorly standardized. We conducted a survey in TropNet centres on the clinical presentations and management strategies of complicated urogenital schistosomiasis (cUGS).We reviewed the clinical records of patients seen at TropNet centres over a 20-year timespan (January 2001-December 2020). Case definition for cUGS included the presence of urogenital cancer, obstructive uropathy, kidney insufficiency of all grades and female or male genital involvement leading to infertility. Collected data included demographic information, patient category (traveller or migrant), imaging data, microbiological data (serology results and presence/absence of eggs in urine), histological features and outcome at last visit recorded.Eight centres contributed with at least one case. Overall, 31 patients matched the inclusion criteria. Sub-Saharan Africa was the most likely place of infection for included patients. Median age was 30.6 years (range 21-46, interquartile ranges, IQR 27-33). Most patients (28/31, 90.3%) were males. Hydronephrosis was the most frequent complication, being present in 18 (58.1%) patients, followed by cancer, present in 5 patients (16.1%); 27 patients (87.1%) required surgical management of some sort. Use of praziquantel varied across centres, with six different regimens employed.Very few cases of cUGSs were found in our survey, possibly indicating underdiagnosis of this condition. Hydronephrosis was the most frequently observed urogenital complication, and most patients required invasive procedures. Infection by S. haematobium can result in considerable morbidity, resulting in clinically challenging presentations requiring a multidisciplinary approach. As such, development of common protocols for early diagnosis and treatment is urgently needed.© International Society of Travel Medicine 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.