肝移植（LT）效果的改善需要更好地了解影响存活的因素。本研究评估了RBC抗体（RBCAs）对LT受体存活的影响。本研究是一项单中心、回顾性队列研究，回顾了2002年至2021年之间的输血记录和全因死亡情况。在2002年至2021年期间，完成了2079例LT，其中1396例符合纳入标准（1305例RBCA阴性；91例RBCA阳性[6.5%]）。两组在年龄（平均[范围]，分别为55.8 [17-79]岁和56.8 [25-73]岁；P = .41）或性别（RBCA阴性，男性859例[65%]和女性446例[35%]，RBCA阳性，男性51例[56%]和女性40例[44%]；P = .0684）方面相似。检测到的132种RBCA中，最常见的10种分别为E（27.27％）、Jka（15.91％）、K（9.09％）、C（8.33％）、M（6.06％）、D（5.3％）、Fya（4.55％）、e（2.27％）、c（2.27％）和Jkb（2.27％）。27名患者（29.7％）有两种以上的RBCA，最常见的组合是C和Jka（7.4％）以及E和Dia（7.4％）。总死亡率在男性（男性，14.45年 vs 女性，17.27年；P = .0266）和65岁及以上的患者（≥65岁，10.21年 vs <64岁，17.22年；P < .0001）中增加。RBCA（≥1）的存在并不影响全因死亡率（RBCA阴性，14.17年 vs RBCA阳性，15.29年；P = .4367）。死亡的前5种原因是感染（11.9％）、恶性肿瘤（实体性）（10.8％）、复发性肿瘤（10.5％）、心血管停搏（7.1％）和肺功能不全/呼吸衰竭（5.7％）。RBCA阳性的LT受体的存活与RBCA阴性的LT受体的存活没有区别。 ©作者（们）2023。由牛津大学出版社代表美国临床病理学会出版。保留所有权利。如需授权，请发送电子邮件至journals.permissions@oup.com。

Improvement of liver transplantation (LT) outcomes requires better understanding of factors affecting survival. The presence of RBC alloantibodies (RBCAs) on survival in LT recipients was evaluated.This study was a single-center, retrospective cohort study reviewing transfusion records and all-cause mortality between 2002 and 2021.Between 2002 and 2021, 2079 LTs were completed, 1,396 of which met inclusion criteria (1,305 RBCA negative; 91 RBCA positive [6.5%]). The cohorts were similar in age (mean [range], 55.8 [17-79] years vs 56.8 [25-73] years; P = .41, respectively) or sex (RBCA negative, 859 [65%] men and 446 [35%] women vs RBCA positive, 51 [56%] men and 40 [44%] women; P = .0684). Of 132 RBCAs detected, 10 were most common were to E (27.27%), Jka (15.91%), K (9.09%), C (8.33%), M (6.06%), D (5.3%), Fya (4.55%), e (2.27%), c (2.27%), and Jkb (2.27%). Twenty-seven patients (29.7%) had more than 1 RBCA; the most common combinations were C with Jka (7.4%) and E with Dia (7.4%). All-cause mortality was increased in men (men, 14.45 years vs women, 17.27 years; P = .0266) and patients 65 years of age and older (≥65 years of age, 10.21 years vs <64 years of age, 17.22 years; P < .0001). The presence of RBCA (≥1) did not affect all-cause mortality (RBCA negative, 14.17 years vs RBCA positive, 15.29 years; P = .4367). The top 5 causes of death were infection (11.9%), primary malignancy (solid) (10.8%), recurrent malignancy (10.5%), cardiovascular arrest (7.1%), and pulmonary insufficiency/respiratory failure (5.7%).Survival in RBCA-positive LT recipients is no different from that in RBCA-negative LT recipients.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pathology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.