肿瘤免疫微环境代表着一个复杂的生态系统，不同的免疫细胞亚型与癌细胞和基质细胞进行交流。在癌症发展的过程中，免疫景观的动态细胞组成和功能特性对于接受全身性抗肿瘤治疗的患者的治疗效果和临床结果具有重要影响。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传机制是抗肿瘤免疫的许多方面的基础，有助于在分化、激活、抑制或功能失调过程中进行免疫状态的转换。因此，靶向表观遗传修饰因子以重塑免疫微环境，在抗癌方案中具有巨大的潜力。在本综述中，我们总结了定义肿瘤允许和非允许免疫景观的功能坐标的单个免疫细胞类型的表观遗传剖析和关键表观遗传修饰因子。我们讨论了目前和潜在的表观遗传治疗剂的免疫调节作用，这可能为增强癌症免疫治疗或克服癌症治疗中的现有治疗挑战开辟新的机会。 © 2023年作者。

The tumor immune microenvironment represents a sophisticated ecosystem where various immune cell subtypes communicate with cancer cells and stromal cells. The dynamic cellular composition and functional characteristics of the immune landscape along the trajectory of cancer development greatly impact the therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcome in patients receiving systemic antitumor therapy. Mounting evidence has suggested that epigenetic mechanisms are the underpinning of many aspects of antitumor immunity and facilitate immune state transitions during differentiation, activation, inhibition, or dysfunction. Thus, targeting epigenetic modifiers to remodel the immune microenvironment holds great potential as an integral part of anticancer regimens. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic profiles and key epigenetic modifiers in individual immune cell types that define the functional coordinates of tumor permissive and non-permissive immune landscapes. We discuss the immunomodulatory roles of current and prospective epigenetic therapeutic agents, which may open new opportunities in enhancing cancer immunotherapy or overcoming existing therapeutic challenges in the management of cancer.© 2023. The Author(s).