卵巢癌是女性生殖系统肿瘤中最致命的一种。虽然在过去的二十年中，手术和全身化疗取得了巨大的进展，但几乎所有处于III和IV期的患者在接受一线治疗后都会复发并产生对化疗的耐药性。卵巢癌具有极其复杂的免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境，在其中，免疫检查点通过提供免疫抑制信号，对T细胞的活化和抗肿瘤免疫反应产生负面调节作用。因此，抑制免疫检查点可以打破免疫抑制状态。事实上，免疫检查点抑制剂已经彻底改变了许多实体肿瘤的治疗方式。然而，在卵巢癌中，免疫检查点抑制剂的疗效较为缓慢。因此，我们需要更全面地了解免疫检查点机制的基础知识，以提高ICIs在卵巢癌中的疗效。在本综述中，我们系统地介绍了卵巢癌中免疫检查点的机制和表达情况。此外，本综述总结了ICIs单药治疗或与其它小分子靶向剂联用治疗卵巢癌的最新进展。

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal female reproductive system tumour. Despite the great advances in surgery and systemic chemotherapy over the past two decades, almost all patients in stages III and IV relapse and develop resistance to chemotherapy after first-line treatment. Ovarian cancer has an extraordinarily complex immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in which immune checkpoints negatively regulate T cells activation and weaken antitumour immune responses by delivering immunosuppressive signals. Therefore, inhibition of immune checkpoints can break down the state of immunosuppression. Indeed, Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised the therapeutic landscape of many solid tumours. However, ICIs have yielded modest benefits in ovarian cancer. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanistic basis of the immune checkpoints is needed to improve the efficacy of ICIs in ovarian cancer. In this review, we systematically introduce the mechanisms and expression of immune checkpoints in ovarian cancer. Moreover, this review summarises recent updates regarding ICI monotherapy or combined with other small-molecule-targeted agents in ovarian cancer.