电台适应性反应(RAR)是一种机制，通过该机制，低剂量的电离辐射(IR)可以保护细胞免受随后的高剂量辐射的损害。本研究旨在比较0.25、0.5和5 Gy与0.25或0.5 Gy作为预处理剂量和5 Gy作为炮制剂量对免疫辐射效应的影响。35只大鼠在全身受到0.25和0.5 Gy辐照后受到5 Gy辐照，而未接受辐照的动物则用作对照组。分别在预处理和挑战剂量后的第4天测量血清干扰素-γ (INF-γ)、白细胞介素-1beta (IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、一氧化氮 (NO) 和丙二醛 (MDA) 水平。0.25 Gy预处理剂量显著降低了血清TNF-α、MDA和NO水平，与所有单独辐照组相比 (P < 0.05)。令人惊讶的是，在RAR诱导组和未接受辐照的组之间，IFN-γ血清水平没有差异 (P≥0.05)。与相同的低预处理剂量(0.25和0.5 Gy)相比，挑战剂量(5 Gy)的效果保持不变或降低。另一方面，血清IFN-γ、MDA和NO浓度在0.5 Gy预挑战剂量中显著低于5 Gy单独组 (P < 0.05)，而IL1β没有显著差异 (P ≥ 0.05)。RAR组的氧化应激指标明显低于其他辐照组 (P < 0.05)。研究结果表明，低IR预处理可有助于缓解造血系统的负面影响。最后，RAR对内源性细胞因子、氧化应激生物标志物和脂质过氧化参数产生了显著影响。RAR可以通过缓解不良放射治疗反应来提高患者的放射安全性。版权所有 © 2023年健康物理学协会。

Radio-adaptive response (RAR) is a mechanism by which low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) protect cells from subsequent high doses. This study aimed to compare the immuno-radiological effects of 0.25, 0.5, and 5 Gy to 0.25 or 0.5 Gy as priming and 5 Gy as challenging doses. Thirty-five rats were irradiated whole-body with 0.25 and 0.5 Gy followed by 5 Gy, and the same single IR doses with non-irradiated animals serving as controls. Serum interferon-gamma (INF-γ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured 4 d post both priming and challenge doses. A 0.25-Gy priming dose significantly (P < 0.05) reduced serum TNF-α, MDA, and NO levels compared to all single-irradiated groups. Surprisingly, there was no difference in IFN-γ serum levels between the RAR-induced and non-irradiated groups (P ≥ 0.05). Compared to the same low priming dose (0.25 and 0.5 Gy), the effect of the challenging dose (5 Gy) remains unchanged or decreases. Serum IFN-γ, MDA, and NO concentrations, on the other hand, were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the 0.5 Gy pre-challenging dose, whereas IL1β had no effect (P ≥ 0.05) compared to 5 Gy alone. The post-RAR group had significantly (P < 0.05) lower oxidative stress indicators than the other irradiation groups. The findings suggested that priming with low IR could help mitigate the negative effects on the hematopoietic system. Finally, RAR has significantly impacted endogenous cytokines, oxidative stress biomarkers, and lipid peroxidation parameters. RAR can improve patients' radiological safety profiles by mitigating adverse radiotherapy effects.Copyright © 2023 Health Physics Society.