浆液性卵巢癌是上皮性卵巢癌中最大的一类（60%-75%），进一步分类为高级别和低级别的浆液性癌。低级别浆液性癌（LGSC）是一个相对罕见的亚型（约占浆液性癌的5%），大型队列的流行病学研究很少。本研究旨在报告在大型患者队列中卵巢LGSC的分期、一线治疗和相对生存趋势，以寻找改善这种相对罕见疾病的临床实践和结果的机会。 该研究从荷兰癌症登记处中识别了2000年至2019年间诊断为LGSC的患者（n = 855）。使用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析FIGO分期和一线治疗的趋势，使用多元泊松回归分析5年相对生存的差异和趋势。 随着时间的推移，LGSC越来越多地被诊断为III期（39.9%-59.0%）和IV期疾病（5.7%-14.4%），而不是I期（34.6%-13.5%；p < 0.001）。原发性减灶手术是最常见的策略（76.2%），尽管随着时间的推移间期减灶手术更常用（10.6%-31.1%；p < 0.001）。在原发性手术后，只有15/252患者（6%）存在>1cm残余疾病，而在间期手术后，存在>1cm残余疾病的患者为17/95（17.9%）。完整队列的5年生存率为61%，原发性减灶手术后的生存状况优于间期减灶手术（60% vs 34%）。原发性减灶手术后无宏观残留疾病的生存状况（73%）优于≤1cm残余疾病（47%）和>1cm残余疾病（22%）。间期减灶手术后无宏观残余疾病的生存（51%）明显高于>1cm残余疾病（24%）。除了FIGO分期II（85%-92%），生存没有显著变化。 多年来，LGSC在患者中更常被诊断为FIGO分期III和IV期疾病，并且在这些患者中，间期减灶手术越来越受欢迎。与间期减灶手术相比，一线减灶手术具有更好的生存结果。结果支持通常的建议，适合进行原发性手术的患者应进行原发性减灶手术。©2023 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica，由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表北欧妇产科学会（NFOG）发表。

Serous ovarian carcinomas constitute the largest group of epithelial ovarian cancer (60%-75%) and are further classified into high- and low-grade serous carcinoma. Low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) is a relatively rare subtype (approximately 5% of serous carcinomas) and epidemiologic studies of large cohorts are scarce. With the present study we aimed to report trends in stage, primary treatment and relative survival of LGSC of the ovary in a large cohort of patients in an effort to identify opportunities to improve clinical practice and outcome of this relatively rare disease.Patients diagnosed with LGSC between 2000 and 2019 were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (n = 855). Trends in FIGO stages and primary treatment were analyzed with the Cochran-Armitage trend test, and differences in and trends of 5-year relative survival were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression.Over time, LGSC was increasingly diagnosed as stage III (39.9%-59.0%) and IV disease (5.7%-14.4%) and less often as stage I (34.6%-13.5%; p < 0.001). Primary debulking surgery was the most common strategy (76.2%), although interval debulking surgery was preferred more often over the years (10.6%-31.1%; p < 0.001). Following primary surgery, there was >1 cm residual disease in only 15/252 patients (6%), compared with 17/95 patients (17.9%) after interval surgery. Full cohort 5-year survival was 61% and survival after primary debulking surgery was superior to the outcome following interval debulking surgery (60% vs 34%). Survival following primary debulking surgery without macroscopic residual disease (73%) was better compared with ≤1 cm (47%) and >1 cm residual disease (22%). Survival following interval debulking surgery without macroscopic residual disease (51%) was significantly higher than after >1 cm residual disease (24%). Except FIGO stage II (85%-92%), survival did not change significantly over time.Over the years, LGSC has been diagnosed as FIGO stage III and stage IV disease more often and interval debulking surgery has been increasingly preferred over primary debulking in these patients. Relative survival did not change over time (except for stage II) and worse survival outcomes after interval debulking surgery were observed. The results support the common recommendation to perform primary debulking surgery in patients eligible for primary surgery.© 2023 The Authors. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic Federation of Societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NFOG).