为研究写给申请妇科外科研究员名额的居民的推荐信（LORs）中是否存在性别差异进行回顾性研究。单一的学术机构被纳入该研究。筛选了2019-2020年度申请妇科肿瘤学、泌尿妇科学和微创妇科学研究员的LORs。无可奉告。我们利用经过验证的计算机文本分析软件，分别对4个主要变量和21种单词类别的语言内容进行分析。我们采用线性混合模型的多元分析方法，比较了不同性别申请人的推荐信的语言特征。我们对这些信件进行了定性内容分析，并比较了性别之间编码主题的频率。混合研究方法的设计旨在允许对文本分析中未被涵盖的领域进行分析。针对186名申请人撰写的680封信中，有124封（18.2%）写给男性，556封（81.8%）写给女性。男性和女性申请人的LORs单词数的平均值没有差别，分别为465(20.0)个词和458(9.4)个词，p=.74。在多元分析中，LORs的男性版具有更高的真诚语气和更多的风险性词汇（分别为p=.005和p=.03）。女性版的LORs则包含更多社区（关系为导向）词汇（p=.006）。定性分析表明，能力、人际特质、外科技能和研究是最常提到的主题。对于男性，他们更常被提及关于同情/同理心、领导潜力、教学、人际技能和患者关系方面的评论。对于女性，则更多地关注能力、“没有戏剧化”的特点和自我意识。在写给产科和妇科外科研究员申请人的LORs中存在性别偏见。版权所有©2023 AAGL。Elsevier Inc保留所有权利。

To examine whether there are gender differences in letters of recommendation (LORs) written for residents applying to gynecology surgical fellowships.Retrospective study.Single, academic institution.LORs for applicants to gynecology oncology, urogynecology, and minimally invasive gynecology fellowships during the 2019-2020 application cycle.Not applicable.We analyzed the linguistic content of the letters for the presence of 4 summary variables and 21 word categories based on previous studies using validated computerized text analysis software. We used multivariable analysis using linear mixed models to compare linguistic characteristics of letters by applicant gender. We performed qualitative content analysis on letters and compared the frequency of code themes by gender. The mixed-method design was planned to allow for analysis of domains not captured in text analysis. Among 680 letters written for 186 applicants, 124 (18.2%) were written for men, and 556 (81.8%) were written for women. There were no differences in the least square mean (standard error) word counts for LORs written for men and women applicants, 465 (20.0) vs 458(9.4) words, p = .74. In multivariable analysis, LORs written for men were found to have higher authentic tone and more risk words (p = .005 and p = .03, respectively). LORs written for women contained more communal (relationship-oriented) words (p = .006). The qualitative analysis demonstrated that ability, interpersonal traits, surgical skills, and research were the most often mentioned themes. Comments about compassion/empathy, leadership potential, teaching, interpersonal skills, and patient rapport were found more often in letters for men. More doubt raisers (words that raise doubt or concern) were present in letters for men, but letters for both genders had similar levels of negative criticism. In contrast, comments on ability, being "drama-free," and self-awareness were found more often in letters for women.There were gender differences in LORs written for obstetrics and gynecology surgical subspecialty fellowship applicants indicating the presence of gender bias.Copyright © 2023 AAGL. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.