神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、脑淀粉样血管病（CAA）和亨廷顿病（HD），以认知和运动功能障碍及神经退行为特征。这些疾病会随着时间的推移变得更加严重，目前尚无根治方法。此类疾病的大多数治疗方法只能缓解症状。Taxifolin (TAX)，又称为二羟槲皮素，是一种主要来源于道格拉斯冷杉和喜马拉雅云杉的化合物。TAX已被证实具有多种药理活性，包括抗炎、抗癌、抗病毒和调节氧化应激作用。在中枢神经系统中，TAX被证明可以抑制Aβ纤维形成、保护神经元并改善脑血流、认知能力和动作障碍。目前，TAX仅作为健康添加剂在临床实践中应用。本文旨在总结TAX在神经退行性疾病中的应用及其相关的神经保护机制，如抑制炎症、减轻氧化应激、预防Aβ蛋白质形成、维持多巴胺水平以减少神经元丢失等。版权所有© Bentham Science Publishers；如有任何问题，请发送电子邮件至epub@benthamscience.net。

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Huntington's disease (HD), are characterized by cognitive and motor dysfunctions and neurodegeneration. These diseases become more severe over time and cannot be cured currently. Until now, most treatments for these diseases are only used to relieve the symptoms. Taxifolin (TAX), 3, 5, 7, 3, 4-pentahydroxy flavanone, also named dihydroquercetin, is a compound derived primarily from Douglas fir and Larix gemelini. TAX has been confirmed to present various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus and regulation of oxidative stress effects. In central nervous system, TAX is demonstrated to inhibit Aβ fibril formation, protect neurons and improve cerebral blood flow, cognitive ability and dyskinesia. At present, TAX is only applied as a health additive in clinical practice. This review aimed to summarize the application of TAX in neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, preventing Aβ protein formation, maintaining dopamine levels and thus reducing neuronal loss.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.