心血管疾病和癌症是全球两大死因之一。虽然这两种疾病的治疗效果有所提高，但癌症治疗的成功往往伴随着心血管事件等极具冲击力的不良事件。高血压被证实既是癌症治疗副作用，也是癌症治疗心脏毒性的危险因素。其中一些动态因素与高血压作为心血管风险因素的角色保持一致，不但会导致心力衰竭，还会引起冠心病、脑血管疾病和肾脏疾病的发展，并与整体死亡率和病死率升高有关。其他方面，例如烷化剂所增加的急性和长期心脏毒性风险的分子机制及各种癌症治疗所致血压升高的问题仍有待阐明。本文回顾了最新的临床数据，涉及新型抗癌治疗谱系中高血压的风险以及已知或假设的病理生理机制。此外，我们还审查了不常见于高血压药物的烷化剂等药物对心脏毒性风险的急性和长期影响。本文最后概述了一些管理策略，包括药物和生活方式干预以及关注癌症患者和幸存者早期发现和治疗高血压的护理模式，旨在提高心血管和癌症治疗的整体效果。

Cardiovascular disease and cancer are 2 of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although improvements in outcomes have been noted for both disease entities, the success of cancer therapies has come at the cost of at times very impactful adverse events such as cardiovascular events. Hypertension has been noted as both, a side effect as well as a risk factor for the cardiotoxicity of cancer therapies. Some of these dynamics are in keeping with the role of hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor not only for heart failure, but also for the development of coronary and cerebrovascular disease, and kidney disease and its association with a higher morbidity and mortality overall. Other aspects such as the molecular mechanisms underlying the amplification of acute and long-term cardiotoxicity risk of anthracyclines and increase in blood pressure with various cancer therapeutics remain to be elucidated. In this review, we cover the latest clinical data regarding the risk of hypertension across a spectrum of novel anticancer therapies as well as the underlying known or postulated pathophysiological mechanisms. Furthermore, we review the acute and long-term implications for the amplification of the development of cardiotoxicity with drugs not commonly associated with hypertension such as anthracyclines. An outline of management strategies, including pharmacological and lifestyle interventions as well as models of care aimed to facilitate early detection and more timely management of hypertension in patients with cancer and survivors concludes this review, which overall aims to improve both cardiovascular and cancer-specific outcomes.