卵巢癌的死亡率在三种常见的妇科恶性肿瘤中排名第一，因其发作隐匿，缺乏有效的早期诊断方法。卵巢浆液性肿瘤（BEOT）是一种低恶性潜能肿瘤，通常比卵巢癌有更好的预后。然而，由于临床症状相似和缺乏特异性肿瘤生物标志物和影像检查，BEOT很容易与良性和恶性上皮性卵巢肿瘤（EOTs）混淆。值得注意的是，一小部分BEOT会转化为预后不良的低级别浆液性卵巢癌。因此，寻找可以容易获得和准确识别恶性上皮性卵巢肿瘤（MEOTs）以及BEOT的潜在生物标志物对于临床医生至关重要。癌胚抗原125（CA125）是术前诊断EOTs常用的生物标志物，但其灵敏度和特异性较低。现在，炎症生物标志物，包括炎症细胞计数和相应比率，如中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）和血小板/淋巴细胞比值（PLR）已被证明与肿瘤进展和预后不良有关，并被认为是各种恶性肿瘤中最具经济潜力的代用生物标志物。本研究的目的是找到适当的炎症和肿瘤生物标志物的组合，以提高EOTs，特别是BEOTs的诊断效率。CA125、NLR和PLR在良性、边缘和恶性EOTs中均呈稳定上升趋势，并倾向于在晚期（III-IV期）和淋巴结转移MEOT组中比早期（I-II期）和非淋巴结转移MEOT组中更高。 CA125，NLR和PLR可以分别用于EOTs的鉴别诊断，但不能同时考虑灵敏度和特异性。联合使用CA125，NLR和PLR被认为更有效，特别是在识别BEOTs方面，具有高灵敏度和高特异性。 CA125，NLR和PLR的水平与EOTs的本质和MEOTs的恶性进展密切相关。与单独使用或两倍组合相比，CA125，NLR和PLR的组合在识别EOTs的本质方面更准确，特别是针对BEOTs。 © 2023. The Author(s).

The mortality rate of ovarian cancer ranks first among three common gynecological malignant tumors due to insidious onset and lack of effective early diagnosis methods. Borderline epithelial ovarian tumor (BEOT) is a type of low malignant potential tumor that is typically associated with better outcomes than ovarian cancer. However, BEOTs are easily confused with benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (EOTs) due to similar clinical symptoms and lack of specific tumor biomarkers and imaging examinations. Notably, a small subset of BEOTs will transform into low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma with a poor prognosis. Therefore, searching for potential biomarkers that can be easily obtained and accurately identify malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (MEOTs) as well as BEOTs is essential for the clinician. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a commonly used biomarker for the diagnosis of EOTs in the preoperative scenario but has low sensitivity and specificity. Nowadays, inflammatory biomarkers including inflammatory cell counts and derived ratios such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been proved to be associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis, and were considered to be the most economically potential surrogate biomarkers for various malignancies. The purpose of this study was to find appropriate combinations of inflammatory and tumor biomarkers to improve the diagnostic efficiency of EOTs, especially the BEOTs.CA125, NLR and PLR increased steadily among benign, borderline and malignant EOTs and tended to be higher in advanced (stage III-IV) and lymph node metastasis MEOT groups than in early stage (stage I-II) and non-lymph node metastasis MEOT groups. CA125, NLR and PLR could be used separately in the differentiation of EOTs but could not take into account both sensitivity and specificity. The combined use of CA125, NLR and PLR was evaluated to be more efficient, especially in the identification of BEOTs, with both high sensitivity and high specificity.The levels of CA125, NLR and PLR were closely related to the nature of EOTs and malignant progression of MEOTs. The combination of CA125, NLR and PLR was more accurate in identifying the nature of EOTs than either alone or double combination, especially for BEOTs.© 2023. The Author(s).