宫颈神经内分泌癌（NECC）是一种具有侵袭性的疾病，即使是表现为宫颈局部疾病的患者也有很高的淋巴结疾病扩散率。许多医疗机构通常会开处术后放疗，以试图减少复发，尽管缺乏支持性研究。本研究的目的是比较行盆腔放射治疗的早期NECC患者和未接受放疗的患者的复发和死亡情况。 我们对13项不同的研究进行了荟萃分析，这些研究报告了接受根治手术治疗的早期NECC患者的复发和/或死亡情况。 在5项报告总体复发率的研究中，在接受术后放射治疗的120位患者中有63人（52.5％）复发，相比之下未接受放疗的185位患者中有70人（37.8％）复发（RR 1.21，95％CI：0.85-1.70，p = 0.29）。在报道盆腔复发率的5项研究中，在接受术后放疗的120位患者中有15例盆腔复发（12.5％），相比之下未接受放疗的185位患者中有45例盆腔复发（24.3％）（RR 0.60，95％CI：0.34-1.08，p = 0.09）。 在13项报告死亡率的研究中，在接受术后放疗治疗的396位患者中有138人（34.8％）死亡，相比之下未接受放疗的632位患者中有223人（35.2％）死亡（RR 1.08，95％CI：0.75-1.56，p = 0.66）。 在根治手术治疗后所有早期NECC患者中添加常规术后放疗可能会减少盆腔复发，但似乎并不能减少总体复发或死亡。但是，在具有其他高危病理因素的患者中，术后放疗仍可能发挥作用。版权所有©2023 Elsevier Inc.。保留所有权利。

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) is an aggressive disease with high rates of nodal disease spread even in seemingly cervix-confined disease. Many providers routinely prescribe postoperative radiation therapy in an effort to reduce recurrences despite a lack of supporting studies. The objective of this study was to determine recurrence and mortality in patients with early-stage NECC who had pelvic radiation after radical hysterectomy compared to those who did not receive radiation.We performed a meta-analysis of 13 unique studies that reported recurrence and/or mortality for patients with early-stage NECC who underwent radical hysterectomy with or without adjuvant radiation therapy.In 5 studies that reported overall recurrence rates, 63 (52.5%) of 120 patients who received postoperative radiation recurred compared to 70 (37.8%) of 185 patients who did not (RR 1.21, 95% CI: 0.85-1.70, p = 0.29). In 5 studies that reported pelvic recurrence rates, there were 15 pelvic recurrences (12.5%) in the 120 patients who received postoperative radiation compared to 45 pelvic recurrences (24.3%) in the 185 patients who did not (RR 0.60, 95% CI: 0.34-1.08, p = 0.09). In 13 studies that reported mortality rate, there were 138 deaths (34.8%) in 396 patients who received postoperative radiation therapy compared to 223 (35.2%) in 632 patients who did not (RR 1.08, 95% CI: 0.75-1.56, p = 0.66).The addition of routine postoperative radiation therapy in all patients with early-stage NECC after radical hysterectomy may reduce pelvic recurrences but does not appear to decrease overall recurrence or death. However, there may still be a role for postoperative radiation therapy in patients with additional high-risk pathologic factors.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.