为比较接受盆腔辅助放疗和无辅助治疗的早期宫颈癌中危险因素患者的生存结果、治疗后并发症和生活质量（QoL），本研究纳入经过原发性根治手术分类为中危险因素的Ib-IIa期宫颈癌患者。在使用倾向性分数加权调整后，比较了108位接受辅助放射治疗的妇女和111位未接受辅助治疗的妇女的所有基线人口学及病理特征。主要结果包括无进展生存期（PFS）和总体生存期（OS），次要结果包括与治疗相关的并发症和生活质量。接受辅助放射治疗的患者随访中位数为76.1个月，未接受治疗的患者随访中位数为95.4个月。5年PFS（辅助放射组91.6％，观察组88.4％，p=0.42）和OS（辅助放射组90.1％，观察组93.5％，p=0.36）在两组之间无显著差异。 Cox比例风险模型中没有发现辅助治疗与总体复发/死亡之间的显著关联。然而，在接受辅助放射治疗的参与者中观察到了骨盆复发显著减少（风险比=0.15；95％置信区间=0.03-0.71）。两组之间的3/4级与治疗相关的不良反应和生活质量评分无显著差异。辅助放疗与较低的骨盆复发风险相关，但在早期宫颈癌中危险因素患者中未能证明其显著优势，可以降低总体复发并提高生存率。©2023年。亚洲妇科肿瘤学会、韩国妇科肿瘤学会和日本妇科肿瘤学会。

To compare survival outcomes, posttreatment complications, and quality of life (QoL) of early-stage cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk factors between those who received adjuvant pelvic radiation and those without adjuvant treatment.Stages IB-IIA cervical cancer patients classified as having intermediate-risk following primary radical surgery were included. After propensity score weighted adjustment, all baseline demographic and pathological characteristics of 108 women who received adjuvant radiation and 111 women who had no adjuvant treatment were compared. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The secondary outcomes included treatment-related complications and QoL.Median follow-up time was 76.1 months in the adjuvant radiation group and 95.4 months in the observation group. The 5-year PFS (91.6% in the adjuvant radiation group and 88.4% in the observation group, p=0.42) and OS (90.1% in the adjuvant radiation group and 93.5% in the observation group, p=0.36) were not significantly different between the groups. There was no significant association between adjuvant treatment and overall recurrence/death in the Cox proportional hazard model. However, a substantial reduction in pelvic recurrence was observed in participants with adjuvant radiation (hazard ratio=0.15; 95% confidence interval=0.03-0.71). Grade 3/4 treatment-related morbidities and QoL scores were not significantly different between the groups.Adjuvant radiation was associated with a lower risk of pelvic recurrence. However, its significant benefit in reducing overall recurrence and improving survival in early-stage cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk factors could not be demonstrated.© 2023. Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology, Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology, and Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology.