癌相关成纤维细胞是肿瘤微环境中的重要组成部分，在肿瘤增殖、侵袭、迁移和转移方面发挥着关键作用。因此，将化疗药物与肿瘤微环境（TME）调节剂联合治疗似乎是癌症治疗的一个有前途的途径。本文构建了一种基于肿瘤微环境的mPEG-PLGA纳米粒子负载黄芩素（PMs-Ba），旨在改善三阴性乳腺癌病例中的肿瘤微环境。结果表明，一方面，PMs-Ba能够抑制转化生长因子β（TGF-β）信号通路，避免癌相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）的激活，从而影响肿瘤的间质微环境。另一方面，该药物导致细胞毒T细胞浸润增加，激活了肿瘤免疫微环境。同时，在小鼠乳腺癌模型中，PMs-Ba与阿霉素纳米粒子（PMs-ADM）的静脉注射显著提高了抗肿瘤效果。这些结果表明，封装在纳米粒子中的黄芩素可能是调节TME和辅助化疗的一种有前途的策略，意味着一种潜在的TME重塑纳米制剂，可以增强纳米治疗的抗肿瘤效力。版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V.，由Elsevier B.V出版。

Cancer-associated fibroblasts constitute a significant component in the tumor microenvironment, playing a pivotal role in tumor proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis. Consequently, therapy combining chemotherapeutic agents with tumor microenvironment (TME) modulators appears to be a promising avenue for cancer treatment. In this paper, a tumor microenvironment-based mPEG-PLGA nanoparticle loaded with baicalein (PMs-Ba) was constructed for the purpose of improving the tumor microenvironment in cases of triple-negative breast cancer. The results demonstrate that, on the one hand, PMs-Ba was able to inhibit the transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) signaling pathway to avoid the activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), thereby influencing the interstitial microenvironment of the tumor. On the other hand, the agent led to an increase in the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells, activating the tumor immune microenvironment. Meanwhile, in the murine breast cancer model, an intravenous injection of PMs-Ba combined with doxorubicin nanoparticles (PMs-ADM) significantly improved the antitumor effectiveness. These results suggest that baicalein encapsulated in nanoparticles may be a promising strategy for modulating the TME and for adjuvant chemotherapy, signifying a potential TME-remodeling nanoformulation that could enhance the antitumor efficacy of nanotherapeutics.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.