肝细胞癌（HCC）在全球范围内的新发病例数排名第六，死亡率排名第四。经动脉化学栓塞（TACE）是难以切除的HCC的主要治疗策略之一。然而，由于肿瘤组织中抗肿瘤药物分布不足和栓塞后肿瘤微环境恶化（例如，缺氧和pH降低），其治疗效果仍然不尽如人意。近年来，将纳米材料作为TACE治疗HCC的药物输送平台已成为研究热点。随着纳米技术的发展，开发了多功能纳米平台以栓塞肿瘤血管，创造了改善药物在肿瘤组织中分布和生物利用度的条件。目前，研究人员正在专注于功能化纳米材料，以实现高药物装载效率，彻底栓塞血管，瞄准肿瘤，控制药物持续释放以及在TACE过程中进行实时成像，以促进精确栓塞并使治疗程序跟踪肿瘤病灶成像。在这里，我们总结了基于TACE的功能化纳米材料对抗HCC的最新进展和应用，认为开发这些功能化纳米平台可能是改善HCC TACE治疗效果的有前途的方法。 ©2023作者。

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has the sixth-highest new incidence and fourth-highest mortality worldwide. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the primary treatment strategies for unresectable HCC. However, the therapeutic effect is still unsatisfactory due to the insufficient distribution of antineoplastic drugs in tumor tissues and the worsened post-embolization tumor microenvironment (TME, e.g., hypoxia and reduced pH). Recently, using nanomaterials as a drug delivery platform for TACE therapy of HCC has been a research hotspot. With the development of nanotechnology, multifunctional nanoplatforms have been developed to embolize the tumor vasculature, creating conditions for improving the distribution and bioavailability of drugs in tumor tissues. Currently, the researchers are focusing on functionalizing nanomaterials to achieve high drug loading efficacy, thorough vascular embolization, tumor targeting, controlled sustained release of drugs, and real-time imaging in the TACE process to facilitate precise embolization and enable therapeutic procedures follow-up imaging of tumor lesions. Herein, we summarized the recent advances and applications of functionalized nanomaterials based on TACE against HCC, believing that developing these functionalized nanoplatforms may be a promising approach for improving the TACE therapeutic effect of HCC.© 2023. The Author(s).