本综述探讨了昼夜节律调控和星形胶质细胞对大脑功能调节之间的接口。尽管星形胶质细胞在许多时间领域中都能调节神经元活动，但它们细胞自主的昼夜节律时钟在控制大脑功能长期波动（睡眠状态的维持和睡眠与清醒的昼夜节律排序）方面发挥了特殊作用。这在中心的昼夜节律起搏器——视交叉上核中最为明显，星形胶质细胞的分子时钟足以驱动神经元活动和行为的每日周期。在阿尔茨海默病中，睡眠障碍伴随认知能力下降。在疾病的小鼠模型中，昼夜节律紊乱会加速星形胶质细胞的激活和其他大脑病理，表明星形胶质细胞的日常功能有助于保护神经元的稳态。在脑癌中，早晨治疗与长期生存有关，并且胶质瘤在基因表达和药物敏感性方面存在每日节律。因此，昼夜节律时刻变得越来越重要，可以阐明健康和疾病中星形胶质细胞和神经元之间相互作用。《神经科学年度综述》第46卷的最终在线发布日期预计为2023年7月。有关修订后的估计，请参见http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

This review explores the interface between circadian timekeeping and the regulation of brain function by astrocytes. Although astrocytes regulate neuronal activity across many time domains, their cell-autonomous circadian clocks exert a particular role in controlling longer-term oscillations of brain function: the maintenance of sleep states and the circadian ordering of sleep and wakefulness. This is most evident in the central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, where the molecular clock of astrocytes suffices to drive daily cycles of neuronal activity and behavior. In Alzheimer's disease, sleep impairments accompany cognitive decline. In mouse models of the disease, circadian disturbances accelerate astroglial activation and other brain pathologies, suggesting that daily functions in astrocytes protect neuronal homeostasis. In brain cancer, treatment in the morning has been associated with prolonged survival, and gliomas have daily rhythms in gene expression and drug sensitivity. Thus, circadian time is fast becoming critical to elucidating reciprocal astrocytic-neuronal interactions in health and disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 46 is July 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.