我们通过研究大量的卵巢输卵管浆液性肿瘤和26个免疫组织化学标记，旨在评估它们在鉴别诊断和预后方面的价值。对250个原发性卵巢输卵管肿瘤进行了26种免疫组织化学分析，包括114例高级别浆液性癌（HGSC）、97例低级别浆液性癌（LGSC）和39例浆液性边缘瘤（微小乳头状变异型，mSBT）。使用卡方检验或费舍尔精确检验评估总阳性与临床病理特征之间的关联。我们发现，在HGSCs和LGSCs中，p53、p16、ER、PR、PTEN、PAX2、乳球蛋白、RB1、Cyclin E1、微管相关蛋白、LMP2、L1CAM、CD44和Ki67的表达明显不同。LGSC和mSBT之间没有显著差异。在所研究的浆液性肿瘤中，PAX8、ARID1A、HNF1B、Napsin A、CDX2、SATB2、MUC4、BRG1、AMACR、TTF1、BCOR和NTRK等其他标记都没有显示出差异。关于预后，只有PR和微管相关蛋白在LGSCs中展现出统计学意义的预后意义，PR阳性的情况下，总体生存（OS）和无复发生存（RFS）更好，而微管相关蛋白相关情况却相反。在HGSCs中，我们没有发现任何研究标记具有预后意义。我们对卵巢/输卵管浆液性肿瘤进行了广泛的免疫组织化学分析。尽管我们发现HGSCs与LGSCs的一些标记的表达有所不同，但只有p53、p16和Ki67似乎在实际诊断实践中有用。我们还建议对Ki67进行最佳切割点的判断（阳性肿瘤细胞的10%），以区分HGSC和LGSC。我们发现PR和微管相关蛋白在LGSCs中有预测意义。此外，高表达的微管相关蛋白也可能对卵巢癌具有预测价值，因为针对微管相关蛋白的特异性抗体可能是潜在的治疗靶点。© 2023.作者。

We examined a large cohort of serous tubo-ovarian tumors with 26 immunohistochemical markers, with the aim to assess their value for differential diagnosis and prognosis.Immunohistochemical analyses with 26 immunomarkers were performed on 250 primary tubo-ovarian tumors including 114 high grade serous carcinomas (HGSC), 97 low grade serous carcinomas (LGSC), and 39 serous borderline tumors (micropapillary variant, mSBT). The associations of overall positivity with clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated using the chi-squared test or Fisher's Exact test.We found significantly different expression of p53, p16, ER, PR, PTEN, PAX2, Mammaglobin, RB1, Cyclin E1, stathmin, LMP2, L1CAM, CD44, and Ki67 in HGSCs compared to LGSCs. No significant differences were found between LGSC and mSBT. None of the other included markers (PAX8, ARID1A, HNF1B, Napsin A, CDX2, SATB2, MUC4, BRG1, AMACR, TTF1, BCOR, NTRK) showed any differences between the investigated serous tumors. Regarding the prognosis, only PR and stathmin showed a statistically significant prognostic meaning in LGSCs, with better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cases positive for PR, and worse outcome (RFS) for stathmin. None of the study markers showed prognostic significance in HGSCs.We provided an extensive immunohistochemical analysis of serous ovarian/tubo-ovarian tumors. Although we found some differences in the expression of some markers in HGSCs compared to LGSCs, only p53, p16, and Ki67 seem to be useful in real diagnostic practice. We also suggested the best discriminative cut-off for Ki67 (10% of positive tumor cells) for distinguishing HGSC from LGSC. We found prognostic significance of PR and stathmin in LGSCs. Moreover, the high expression of stathmin could also be of predictive value in ovarian carcinomas as target-specific anti-stathmin effectors are potential therapeutic targets.© 2023. The Author(s).