TRPV6 是一种对 Ca2+ 离子高选择性的瞬时受体电位香草脑（TRPV）阳离子通道。1999 年首次在寻找介导肠道 Ca2+ 吸收的基因中发现，随后其更广泛的作为细胞内 Ca2+ 保护因子的功能也变得明显。对 TRPV6 缺陷小鼠的研究表明其在胎盘 Ca2+ 运输、胎儿骨发育和男性生育中有重要作用。2018 年首次报道了新生儿遗传缺陷，揭示了其在人体内的生理重要性。目前有强有力的证据表明，TRPV6 也与某些常见肿瘤的病理发生有关。最近报道 TRPV6 缺陷与非酒精性慢性胰腺炎的关联，这表明其在正常胰腺功能中也有作用。随着对 TRPV6 的认识不断提高，其他疾病相关性也可能不断浮现。强大的分析工具为研究 TRPV6 的结构和功能提供了宝贵的洞见。其在 Ca2+ 信号和癌变中的作用，以及通道抑制剂在癌症治疗中的应用正在得到深入研究。本文首先简要描述了该通道的生物化学和生理学，以及用于研究的分析方法。随后重点转向与异常表达相关的临床疾病和潜在的病理生理学。本综述的目的在于增强人们对该通道的认识，并整合来自广泛来源的研究结果，以制定进一步研究的新思路。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc.。

TRPV6 is a Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) cation channel with high selectivity for Ca2+ ions. First identified in 1999 in a search for the gene which mediates intestinal Ca2+ absorption, its far more extensive repertoire as a guardian of intracellular Ca2+ has since become apparent. Studies on TRPV6-deficient mice demonstrated additional important roles in placental Ca2+ transport, fetal bone development and male fertility. The first reports of inherited deficiency in newborn babies appeared in 2018, revealing its physiological importance in humans. There is currently strong evidence that TRPV6 also contributes to the pathogenesis of some common cancers. The recently reported association of TRPV6 deficiency with non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis suggests a role in normal pancreatic function. Over time and with greater awareness of TRPV6, other disease-associations are likely to emerge. Powerful analytical tools have provided invaluable insights into the structure and operation of TRPV6. Its roles in Ca2+ signaling and carcinogenesis, and the use of channel inhibitors in cancer treatment are being intensively investigated. This review first briefly describes the biochemistry and physiology of the channel, and analytical methods used to investigate these. The focus subsequently shifts to the clinical disorders associated with abnormal expression and the underlying pathophysiology. The aims of this review are to increase awareness of this channel, and to draw together findings from a wide range of sources which may help to formulate new ideas for further studies.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.