腹膜内粘连是手术后的一个重要问题，导致严重的临床和经济后果。甘草具有多种药理特性，包括抗炎、抗微生物、抗氧化、抗癌和免疫调节活性。因此，我们旨在研究甘草对大鼠模型中术后腹部粘连发展的影响。将体重在200-250克的雄性Wistar大鼠分成六组(n=8)：第1组为正常组(非手术组)，手术组包括第2组: 对照组接受溶液，第3组: 0.5% w/v甘草，第4组: 1% w/v甘草，第5组: 2% w/v甘草，第6组: 地塞米松，0.4% w/v。在盲肠的一侧利用柔软的消毒砂纸进行腹膜内粘连，并用2ml药物提取物或溶液轻轻冲洗腹膜。此外，评估了粘连评分、炎症介质[干扰素(IFN)-γ、前列腺素E2(PGE2)]、纤维化标志物[白介素(IL)-4、转化生长因子(TGF)-ꞵ]和氧化因子[丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮代谢物(NO)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)]的水平。还在小鼠成纤维细胞L929和NIH/3T3细胞系上进行了体外毒性实验。我们发现，对照组中粘连(P<0.001)、IFN-γ(P<0.001)、PGE2(P<0.001)、IL-4(P<0.001)、TGF-β(P<0.001)、MDA(P<0.001)和NO(P<0.001)水平较高，GSH水平较低(P<0.001)。相反，甘草浓度依赖性地缓解了粘连(P<0.05)、炎症介质(P<0.001-0.05)、纤维化(P<0.001-0.05)和氧化(P<0.001-0.05)因子的水平，同时扩大了抗氧化标记(P<0.001-0.05)，与对照组相比。结果还表明，该提取物在300µg/ml以下不会显著降低细胞活力(P>0.05)。甘草可以通过其抗炎、抗纤维化和抗氧化特性对腹膜内粘连的形成进行浓度依赖性的缓解。然而，进一步的临床研究需要证明甘草可能是一个有前途的候选人，用于对抗手术后的粘连并发症。©2023该作者，独家许可Springer Nature Switzerland AG刊登。

Intraperitoneal adhesion formation is a significant problem following surgeries, resulting in substantial clinical and economic consequences. Glycyrrhiza glabra has several pharmacological properties consisting of anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory activities.Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impacts of G. glabra on the development of post-operative abdominal adhesion in a rat model.Male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into six groups (n = 8): Group 1: normal group (non-surgical), and the surgical groups including Group 2: control group received the vehicle, Group 3: G. glabra 0.5% w/v, Group 4: G. glabra 1% w/v, Group 5: G. glabra 2% w/v, and Group 6: dexamethasone, 0.4% w/v. The intra-abdominal adhesion was performed utilizing soft sterilized sandpaper on one side of the cecum, and the peritoneum was slightly washed with 2 ml of the extract or vehicle. In addition, macroscopic examination of adhesion scoring and the levels of inflammatory mediators [interferon (IFN)-γ, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)], fibrosis markers [interleukin (IL)-4, transforming growth factor (TGF)-ꞵ], and oxidative factors [malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide metabolites (NO), and reduced glutathione (GSH)] were evaluated. In vitro toxicities were also done on mouse fibroblast L929 and NIH/3T3 cell lines.We found higher levels of adhesion (P < 0.001), IFN-γ(P < 0.001), PGE2(P < 0.001), IL-4(P < 0.001), TGF-β(P < 0.001), MDA(P < 0.001), and NO(P < 0.001), and lower levels of GSH(P < 0.001) in the control group. In contrast, G. glabra concentration dependent and dexamethasone alleviated the levels of adhesion (P < 0.05), inflammatory mediators (P < 0.001-0.05), fibrosis (P < 0.001-0.05), and oxidative (P < 0.001-0.05) factors, while propagating the anti-oxidant marker (P < 0.001-0.05) in comparison to the control group. Results also showed that the extract did not significantly reduce cell viability up to 300 µg/ml (P > 0.05).G. glabra could concentration-dependently mitigate peritoneal adhesion formation through its anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidant properties. However, further clinical investigations are required to approve that G. glabra may be a promising candidate against post-surgical adhesive complications.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.