目的是确定有哪些因素可以预测术前磁共振成像的效益。我们进行了一项得到伦理委员会批准的回顾性研究，研究对象是2018年至2021年接受乳腺癌术前磁共振成像的患者。将患者分为在磁共振成像中未检测到新疾病和检测到新疾病的队列。在420名接受乳腺癌新诊断的患者中，进行术前磁共振成像检查，17%的患者检测到新的多中心、多灶和对侧疾病。两个队列在年龄（p = 0.23）、种族（p = 0.45）、家族史（p = 0.47）、乳腺密度（p = 0.14）和激素状态（p = 0.90）方面没有差异。多元分析结果显示，年龄（p = 0.61，OR 0.99）、种族（p = 0.58，OR 1.26）、家族史（p = 0.54，OR 0.82）、乳腺密度（p = 0.83，OR 0.87）、分级（p = 0.87，OR 1.09）、肿瘤大小（p = 0.37，OR 0.92）和新辅助治疗的使用（p = 0.41，OR 0.72）无法预测是否检测到额外的新疾病。超声或乳腺X线检查中存在阳性淋巴结与磁共振成像检查中出现新疾病或多中心疾病相关（p = 0.0005，OR 3.48）。术前磁共振成像检查前存在阳性淋巴结增加了得到新疾病检测的可能性（p = 0.0002，OR 3.04）。术前磁共振成像检查导致无新疾病检测队列中22.2%的患者需要更加广泛的手术，而在新多中心疾病队列中仅为6.9%（p < 0.001）。评估中检测到淋巴结疾病的患者更有可能在磁共振成像检查中检测到新的多中心、多灶和对侧疾病。术前磁共振成像的使用可能对淋巴结阳性疾病的患者特别有帮助，以便识别导致外科管理改变的额外疾病。© 2023年。外科肿瘤学会。

The purpose was to determine what factors help predict benefit from preoperative MRI.We conducted an IRB approved retrospective review of patients with breast cancer who underwent preoperative MRI (2018-2021). Patients were divided into a cohort of no new disease detected on MRI versus new disease detected.Of 420 patients with a new diagnosis of breast cancer who underwent preoperative MRI, 17% had new multicentric, multifocal, or contralateral disease detected. There was no difference between the two cohorts for age (p = 0.23), race (p = 0.45), family history (p = 0.47), breast density (p = 0.14), or hormone status (p = 0.90). In multivariate analysis, age (p = 0.61, OR 0.99), race (p = 0.58, OR 1.26), family history (p = 0.54, OR 0.82), breast density (p = 0.83, OR 0.87), grade (p = 0.87, OR 1.09), tumor size (p = 0.37, OR 0.92), and use of neoadjuvant therapy (p = 0.41, OR 0.72) were not predictive of detection of additional new disease. Presence of positive nodes on ultrasound or mammogram was associated with new or multifocal disease on MRI (p = 0.0005, OR 3.48). Pre-MRI positive nodes increased the likelihood of detection of new disease (p = 0.0002, OR 3.04). Preoperative MRI resulted in more extensive surgery than indicated for 22.2% of the no new disease detected cohort and 6.9% of the new multicentric disease cohort (p < 0.001).Patients with nodal disease detected in their evaluation are more likely to have new multifocal, multicentric, or contralateral disease detected on MRI. The use of preoperative MRI may be particularly helpful in patients with node-positive disease in identifying additional disease that would alter surgical management.© 2023. Society of Surgical Oncology.