植物是一个天然的宝库；它们的次生代谢产物参与了多种药理过程，使其成为合成新药和作为这一过程的储备资源基础的一个关键组成部分。非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）与肝炎和肝癌的进展风险相关。《伤寒论》、《本草纲目》和《千金方》列举了用于治疗肝病的中药。由于其疗效和低副作用，中草药广泛用于预防和治疗NAFLD。本综述讨论了NAFLD期间产生的活性氧自由基（ROS），以及ROS对NAFLD发病机制的影响和潜在机制。此外，文中还讨论了可用于预防NAFLD的常见食物和草药，以及结构活性关系和潜在机制。对过去五年内用于治疗或预防NAFLD的天然产品进行了Web of Science、PubMed、CNKI数据库、Google学术和万方数据库的搜索。主要的搜索是使用以下关键词在完整文章中不同组合进行的：NAFLD，草药，天然产品，药物和ROS。在本综述中，发现并分析了400多篇研究论文和综述文章。通过对文献进行分类和讨论，得出了86种草本植物，其中包括28种食物来源和58种中药。通过对十三种天然化合物（槲皮素、橙皮苷、芦丁、姜黄素、白藜芦醇、表儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯、丹参酸B、芍药苷、人参皂苷Rg1、齐墩果酸、小檗碱、星芒患和大黄素）进行实验研究，提出了NAFLD的机制。通过预防ROS积累并减少过度ROS引起的肝细胞损伤，天然抗氧化剂可以通过多条途径预防NAFLD的发生和进展。本综述总结了在预防和治疗NAFLD中使用的天然产品和常用草药（处方）。首先，阐明了天然产品通过抗氧化途径改善NAFLD的机制。其次，讨论了中草药理论在改善NAFLD方面的潜力，强调了食药同源的安全性和多成分制剂在改善NAFLD方面的广泛临床应用潜力。旨在为预防和治疗NAFLD提供理论依据。 Copyright © 2023. Elsevier B.V. 发表。

Plants are a natural treasure trove; their secondary metabolites participate in several pharmacological processes, making them a crucial component in the synthesis of novel pharmaceuticals and serving as a reserve resource foundation in this process. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the risk of progression to hepatitis and liver cancer. The "Treatise on Febrile Diseases," "Compendium of Materia Medica," and "Thousand Golden Prescriptions" have listed herbal remedies to treat liver diseases.Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD owing to their efficacy and low side effects. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during NAFLD, and the impact and potential mechanism of ROS on the pathogenesis of NAFLD are discussed in this review. Furthermore, common foods and herbs that can be used to prevent NAFLD, as well as the structure-activity relationships and potential mechanisms, are discussed.Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI database, Google Scholar, and WanFang database were searched for natural products that have been used to treat or prevent NAFLD in the past five years. The primary search was performed using the following keywords in different combinations in full articles: NAFLD, herb, natural products, medicine, and ROS. More than 400 research papers and review articles were found and analyzed in this review.By classifying and discussing the literature, we obtained 86 herbaceous plants, 28 of which were derived from food and 58 from Chinese herbal medicines. The mechanism of NAFLD was proposed through experimental studies on thirteen natural compounds (quercetin, hesperidin, rutin, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, salvianolic acid B, paeoniflorin, ginsenoside Rg1, ursolic acid, berberine, honokiol, emodin). The occurrence and progression of NAFLD could be prevented by natural antioxidants through several pathways to prevent ROS accumulation and reduce hepatic cell injuries caused by excessive ROS.This review summarizes the natural products and routinely used herbs (prescription) in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Firstly, the mechanisms by which natural products improve NAFLD through antioxidant pathways are elucidated. Secondly, the potential of traditional Chinese medicine theory in improving NAFLD is discussed, highlighting the safety of food-medicine homology and the broader clinical potential of multi-component formulations in improving NAFLD. Aiming to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.