性别认同和性取向是影响健康并可能导致健康不平等的因素。在2SLGBTQIA+社群中，属于性和/或性别少数群体会增加负面健康结果的风险，如抑郁、焦虑以及癌症，并且可能导致不良行为，如物质滥用和冒险性行为，从而导致较差的健康结果。实证证据表明，卫生保健系统中的无公平现象，包括卫生保健的可及性、质量、包容性和满意度，普遍存在且根深蒂固。深入了解加拿大当前2SLGBTQIA+社群的卫生保健情况对于制定公共政策和开发敏感的公共卫生干预措施，以减少不公平现象至关重要。我们的搜索策略以加拿大为中心，旨在凸显加拿大2SLGBTQIA+卫生不平等的现状。文献中确定了歧视、患者护理和卫生保健接触、卫生保健专业人员的教育和培训以及系统和基础设施层面的重要变革作为主要主题。此外，我们描述了2SLGBTQIA+社群中与卫生保健相关的不平等，并提供了可用的资源和指南，可指导卫生保健提供者缩小不平等差距。在此，我们确定了临床和非临床人员的培训不足是影响卫生保健系统最关键的问题。研究人员、教育工作者和从业人员应该投资于卫生保健专业人员的培训，并且未来的研究应该评估干预措施对于工作人员对2SLGBTQIA+社群态度变化的效果以及对患者结果的影响。版权所有 © 2023 Comeau、Johnson和Bouhamdani。

Gender identity and sexual orientation are determinants of health that can contribute to health inequities. In the 2SLGBTQIA+ community, belonging to a sexual and/or gender minority group leads to a higher risk of negative health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and cancer, as well as maladaptive behaviors leading to poorer health outcomes such as substance abuse and risky sexual behavior. Empirical evidence suggests that inequities in terms of accessibility to health care, quality of care, inclusivity, and satisfaction of care, are pervasive and entrenched in the health care system. A better understanding of the current Canadian health care context for individuals of the 2SLGBTQIA+ community is imperative to inform public policy and develop sensitive public health interventions to make meaningful headway in reducing inequity. Our search strategy was Canadian-centric and aimed at highlighting the current state of 2SLGBTQIA+ health inequities in Canada. Discrimination, patient care and access to care, education and training of health care professionals, and crucial changes at the systemic and infrastructure levels have been identified as main themes in the literature. Furthermore, we describe health care-related disparities in the 2SLGBTQIA+ community, and present available resources and guidelines that can guide healthcare providers in narrowing the gap in inequities. Herein, the lack of training for both clinical and non-clinical staff has been identified as the most critical issue influencing health care systems. Researchers, educators, and practitioners should invest in health care professional training and future research should evaluate the effectiveness of interventions on staff attitudinal changes toward the 2SLGBTQIA+ community and the impact on patient outcomes.Copyright © 2023 Comeau, Johnson and Bouhamdani.