多组学通常指的是基因组学、转录组学、单细胞转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等多个高通量筛选技术的交叉应用，这些技术在促进人类疾病研究方面起着重要作用。当前的综述大多侧重描述多组学技术的发展、数据整合以及在特定疾病中的应用，但其中很少有提供全面系统介绍的。本综述概述了多组学的现有技术分类，实验设计注意事项，重点讨论了多组学的综合分析方法，尤其是机器学习和深度学习在多组学数据整合中的应用及相应的工具，以及多组学在医学研究中的应用（如癌症、神经退行性疾病、衰老和药物靶点发现），以及相应的开源分析工具和数据库，最后讨论了多组学整合和应用在精准医学中的挑战和未来方向。随着高通量技术和数据整合算法的发展，单细胞多组学和空间多组学也成为未来疾病研究的重要方向，并进行了详细介绍。本综述将为研究人员提供重要的指导，特别是那些刚刚进入多组学医学研究领域的人士。 © 2023 The Authors. MedComm 由四川国际医学交流与推广协会（SCIMEA）和John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.出版。

Multi-omics usually refers to the crossover application of multiple high-throughput screening technologies represented by genomics, transcriptomics, single-cell transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, spatial transcriptomics, and so on, which play a great role in promoting the study of human diseases. Most of the current reviews focus on describing the development of multi-omics technologies, data integration, and application to a particular disease; however, few of them provide a comprehensive and systematic introduction of multi-omics. This review outlines the existing technical categories of multi-omics, cautions for experimental design, focuses on the integrated analysis methods of multi-omics, especially the approach of machine learning and deep learning in multi-omics data integration and the corresponding tools, and the application of multi-omics in medical researches (e.g., cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, aging, and drug target discovery) as well as the corresponding open-source analysis tools and databases, and finally, discusses the challenges and future directions of multi-omics integration and application in precision medicine. With the development of high-throughput technologies and data integration algorithms, as important directions of multi-omics for future disease research, single-cell multi-omics and spatial multi-omics also provided a detailed introduction. This review will provide important guidance for researchers, especially who are just entering into multi-omics medical research.© 2023 The Authors. MedComm published by Sichuan International Medical Exchange & Promotion Association (SCIMEA) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.