描述了一项关于诊断为干燥综合症（SS）患者利用初级卫生保健（PHC）服务的情况和相关因素的研究。采用马德里，西班牙的一项基于人群的横断面队列研究（SIERMA）。通过双向分析和回归模型来研究社会人口学特征、诊断、临床和PHC服务利用变量。共纳入了4,778例SS患者，其中65.2%被分类为原发性SS（pSS），而34.8%与其他自身免疫性疾病相关（相关性SS）。平均年龄为64.3岁，92.8%的患者为女性。共有87.5%的患者使用了PHC服务，平均每年咨询次数为19.8次。全科医生是最常被访问的医疗专业人员，平均每年咨询次数为10.9次，其次是护士，平均每年咨询次数为5.7次。与SS患者更高的PHC服务利用有关的特征包括相关性SS，更高的调整后的发病率组（AMG）风险水平和年龄较大。其他因素包括干嘴、疲劳、干燥阴道以及关节和肌肉疼痛等症状，以及心房颤动、糖尿病、高血压、恶性实质性肿瘤、冠心病和慢性阻塞性肺病等合并症，以及使用无菌盐水溶液、皮质激素、阿片类药物和生物制剂疾病修复抗风湿药物等治疗。大多数SS患者在研究期间使用了PHC服务，咨询次数的平均值非常高。利用主要与AMG风险水平、年龄增长、腺体内外症状、大量合并症和各种治疗有关。优化的PHC政策设计将有助于早期诊断、改善管理并提高SS患者的生活质量。

To describe the utilisation of primary health care (PHC) services and factors associated with its use by patients diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).Population-based cross-sectional cohort of SS patients in Madrid, Spain (SIERMA). Sociodemographic, diagnostic, clinical and PHC service utilisation variables were studied by bivariate analyses and regression models.A total of 4,778 SS patients were included, 65.2% classified as primary SS (pSS), while 34.8% associated with another autoimmune disease (associated SS). Mean age was 64.3 years, and 92.8% of the patients were women. A total of 87.5% used PHC services, with a mean of 19.8 consultations/year. The general practitioner was the most visited health professional, with a mean of 10.9 consultations/year, followed by the nurse, with a mean of 5.7. Characteristics associated with a greater use of PHC services in SS patients were associated SS, higher adjusted morbidity groups (AMG) risk level and older age. Additional factors included symptoms such as dry mouth, fatigue, dry vagina and joint and muscle pain; comorbidities such as atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, solid malignant neoplasms, coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and treatments such as sterile saline solution, corticosteroids, opioids and biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.Most SS patients used PHC services during the study period, and the mean number of consultations was remarkably high. Utilisation was mainly associated with AMG risk level, ageing, glandular and extra-glandular symptoms, substantial comorbidities and various treatments. An optimised design of PHC policies will facilitate early diagnosis, improved management and better quality of life for SS patients.