子宫颈阴道微生物群受宿主生理学、免疫学、生活方式和种族的影响。我们假设住在波多黎各（PR）的孕妇、非孕妇和绝经期妇女之间的子宫颈阴道微生物群会有所不同，有无人类乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）感染和宫颈癌。我们特别想确定微生物群与宫颈细胞学的差异是否相关。共招募了294名妇女，包括生育年龄非孕妇（N = 196）、孕妇（N = 37）和绝经期（N = 61）妇女。使用16S rRNA扩增子测序分析子宫颈阴道细菌，使用SPF10-LiPA对HPV进行基因分型，对宫颈细胞学进行定量分析。高危型HPV（HR-HPV，67.3%）普遍存在，包括9价HPV疫苗未涵盖的基因型。宫颈病变（34%）也很常见。子宫颈微生物群以内尔氏乳杆菌为主导。怀孕的妇女在第二和第三孕期微生物多样性和丰度与细菌性阴道病相关的微生物有所减少。绝经期妇女具有更高的α多样性，一定比例的需氧和厌氧菌群，以及较高的子宫颈阴道pH值。α多样性与子宫颈病变相关。然而，微生物群与HPV感染（HR或LR-HPV类型）之间没有显著的关联。不论妇女的生理阶段如何，波多黎各妇女的子宫颈阴道微生物群要么被乳杆菌属内尔氏乳杆菌所主导，要么是多样的微生物群落。我们推测微生物群和高危型HPV的高普及性会增加PR地区妇女患子宫颈病变的风险。

The cervicovaginal microbiota is influenced by host physiology, immunology, lifestyle, and ethnicity. We hypothesized that there would be differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota among pregnant, nonpregnant, and menopausal women living in Puerto Rico (PR) with and without human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer. We specifically wanted to determine if the microbiota is associated with variations in cervical cytology. A total of 294 women, including reproductive-age nonpregnant (N = 196), pregnant (N = 37), and menopausal (N = 61) women, were enrolled. The cervicovaginal bacteria were characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, the HPV was genotyped with SPF10-LiPA, and cervical cytology was quantified. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV, 67.3%) was prevalent, including genotypes not covered by the 9vt HPV vaccine. Cervical lesions (34%) were also common. The cervical microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus iners. Pregnant women in the second and third trimesters exhibited a decrease in diversity and abundance of microbes associated with bacterial vaginosis. Women in menopause had greater alpha diversity, a greater proportion of facultative and strictly anaerobic bacteria, and higher cervicovaginal pH than premenopausal women. Cervical lesions were associated with greater alpha diversity. However, no significant associations between the microbiota and HPV infection (HR or LR-HPV types) were found. The cervicovaginal microbiota of women living in Puerto Rican were either dominated by L. iners or diverse microbial communities regardless of a woman's physiological stage. We postulate that the microbiota and the high prevalence of HR-HPV increase the risk of cervical lesions among women living in PR. IMPORTANCE In the enclosed manuscript, we provide the first in-depth characterization of the cervicovaginal microbiota of Hispanic women living in Puerto Rico (PR), using a 16S rRNA approach, and include women of different physiological stages. Surprisingly we found that high-risk HPV was ubiquitous with a prevalence of 67.3%, including types not covered by the 9vt HPV vaccine. We also found highly diverse microbial communities across women groups-with a reduction in pregnant women, but dominated by nonoptimal Lactobacillus iners. Additionally, we found vaginosis-associated bacteria as Dialister spp., Gardnerella spp., Clostridium, or Prevotella among most women. We believe this is a relevant and timely article expanding knowledge on the cervicovaginal microbiome of PR women, where we postulate that these highly diverse communities are conducive to cervical disease.