全球各地的卫生保健系统都面临病理工作人员短缺的问题，可能会对卫生保健服务产生负面影响，尤其是肿瘤学领域。为了解决潜在的供不应求问题，病理学界必须找出为何毕业生不选择病理学作为专业的原因。我们对一家教学医院非病理学住院医生提交的226个自由文本式文章回答进行了分析。我们采用一种归纳法和定量分析的方法来找出阻碍医学院毕业生选择病理学作为专业的障碍。我们机构的住院医生对病理学的看法与其他国家的住院医生类似，选择病理学作为专业的主要障碍是认为它缺乏对患者护理的实际应用或提供的“没有真正的帮助”，以及缺乏与患者的互动。在俄罗斯，具体存在着将尸检视为选择病理学的障碍的负面观念。在一些次要因素中，可能更多基于刻板印象而非现实，包括对这项工作缺乏吸引力的期望、情绪负担和职业风险。对于对患者互动重要程度较低的医学生来说，在本科阶段解决这些次要因素可能有助于在学生本科期间选择潜在的病理学家。 © 2023作者。由牛津大学出版社代表美国临床病理学会发表。保留所有权利。请发送邮件至journals.permissions@oup.com以获取使用许可。

Health care systems worldwide are facing a shortage in the pathology workforce that could negatively affect health care services, particularly oncology. To address this potential shortfall, the pathology community must identify the reasons why graduating students are not choosing pathology as a specialty.We analyzed 226 free-text essay responses submitted by nonpathology residents at a teaching hospital. We used a general inductive approach and quantitative analysis to identify the barriers that prevent medical college graduates from choosing pathology as a specialty.Residents at our institution view pathology similar to residents from other countries, with the main obstacles to choosing pathology as a specialty being a perception that it lacks practical application to patient care or provides "no real help" and has a lack of patient interaction. In Russia specifically, there is a focus on the perceived negative aspects of autopsy as a barrier to selecting pathology. Less significant factors that may be based more on stereotypes than reality include the expectation that the work is not engaging, the emotional burden, and the occupational risks.For medical students who place less importance on patient interaction, addressing these secondary factors could help select potential pathologists during students' undergraduate years.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pathology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.