新辅助化疗（NACT）可以改变浸润性乳腺癌（IBC）并影响患者的总生存时间（OS）。我们旨在确定NACT后IBC的变化及其与OS的关联。评估了86例患者前后NACT样本中的IBC数据，并与OS相关联。NACT后肿瘤改变包括核多形性评分（p=0.025），有丝分裂计数（p=0.002），肿瘤浸润炎性细胞百分比（p=0.016），原位癌的存在（p=0.001），以及淋巴管内侵犯（LVI；p=0.002），雌激素表达（p=0.003），孕激素受体（p=0.019）和Ki67（p=0.003）。免疫组织化学（IHC）概况在26个肿瘤中发生改变（30.2%，p=0.050）。初始肿瘤组织学分级为III级（风险比，HR，2.94），高核多形性（HR：2.53），高Ki67指数（HR：2.47），NACT后存在LVI（HR 1.90），Luminal B型概况（HR：2.58），前-（HR 2.26）和NACT后中等有丝分裂计数（HR 2.12），前-（HR：4.45）和NACT后三阴性IHC概况（HR：4.52）与较高的死亡风险显著相关。另一方面，前-（HR：0.35）和NACT后（HR：0.39）ER阳性患者，以及前-（HR：0.37）和NACT后（HR：0.57）PR阳性患者与较低的死亡风险显著相关。免疫组织化学概况的变化与较长的OS相关（p=0.050）。在多变量分析中，NACT前III级肿瘤和前-及NACT后三阴性IHC概况被证明是较短OS的独立因素。NACT可以改变肿瘤特征和生物标志物，并对OS产生影响；因此，应在残存样本中重新评估，以改善治疗决策。

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can change invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) and influence the patients' overall survival time (OS). We aimed to identify IBC changes after NACT and their association with OS.IBC data in pre- and post-NACT samples of 86 patients were evaluated and associated with OS.Post-NACT tumors changed nuclear pleomorphism score (p=0.025); mitotic count (p=0.002); % of tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells (p=0.016); presence of in situ carcinoma (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI; p=0.002); expression of estrogen (p=0.003), progesterone receptors (p=0.019) and Ki67 (p=0.003). IHC profile changed in 26 tumors (30.2%, p=0.050). Higher risk of death was significatively associated with initial tumor histological grade III (hazard ratio, HR, 2.94), high nuclear pleomorphism (HR: 2.53), high Ki67 index (HR: 2.47), post-NACT presence of LVI (HR 1.90), Luminal B-like profile (HR: 2.58), pre- (HR 2.26) and post-NACT intermediate mitotic count (HR 2.12), pre- (HR: 4.45) and post-NACT triple-negative IHC profile (HR: 4.52). On the other hand, lower risk of death was significative associated with pre- (HR: 0.35) and post-NACT (HR: 0.39) ER positive, and pre- (HR: 0.37) and post-NACT (HR: 0.57) PR positive. Changes in IHQ profile were associated with longer OS (p=0.050). In multivariate analysis, pre-NACT grade III tumors and pre-NACT and post-NACT triple negative IHC profile proved to be independent factors for shorter OS.NACT can change tumor characteristics and biomarkers and impact on OS; therefore, they should be reassessed on residual samples to improve therapeutic decisions.