由于其靶向性，Aptamer广泛应用于诊断和治疗。然而，目前对于眼部疾病治疗的aptamer研究进展尚未有完整的文献记录。本研究对aptamer相关的文献进行了综述。过去十年内，已评估了与多种眼部疾病相关的aptamer药物和生化传感器；S58针对TGF-β受体II，而pegaptanib靶向血管内皮生长因子（VEGF），用于预防青光眼滤过手术后纤维化。抗脑源性神经营养因子aptamer被用于诊断青光眼。第一个获批的aptamer药物（pegaptanib）已被用于抑制与年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）和糖尿病性视网膜病变相关的血管生成，并且其有效性和安全性在临床试验中已得到证实。其他针对血管生成相关生物标志物的aptamer，如E10030、RBM-007、AS1411和avacincaptad pegol也已被发现并进行了临床试验。另外，针对AMD和DR中的其他信号通路蛋白的aptamer，如C启动子结合因子1、CD44和高级终产品，也已被发现用于治疗，并基于针对VEGF、结缔组织生长因子和lipocalin 1的aptamer开发了早期诊断的生化传感器。用于眼部肿瘤早期检测和治疗的aptamer来自于其他疾病的生物标志物，如CD71、核仁蛋白和高迁移率群A。本综述系统讨论了近年来aptamer在眼部疾病中的发展和应用，这可能启发aptamer与眼部疾病之间的新联系。aptamer的发展轨迹也有助于发现各种眼部疾病的发病机制和治疗策略。© 2023 Cao et al.

Aptamers are widely applied to diagnosis and therapy because of their targeting. However, the current progress of research into aptamers for the treatment of eye disorders has not been well-documented. The current literature on aptamers was reviewed in this study. Aptamer-related drugs and biochemical sensors have been evaluated for several eye disorders within the past decade; S58 targeting TGF-β receptor II and pegaptanib targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are used to prevent fibrosis after glaucoma filtration surgery. Anti-brain-derived neurotrophic factor aptamer has been used to diagnose glaucoma. The first approved aptamer drug (pegaptanib) has been used to inhibit angiogenesis in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), and its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated in clinical trials. Aptamers, including E10030, RBM-007, AS1411, and avacincaptad pegol, targeting other angiogenesis-related biomarkers have also been discovered and subjected to clinical trials. Aptamers, such as C promoter binding factor 1, CD44, and advanced end products in AMD and DR, targeting other signal pathway proteins have also been discovered for therapy, and biochemical sensors for early diagnosis have been developed based on aptamers targeting VEGF, connective tissue growth factor, and lipocalin 1. Aptamers used for early detection and treatment of ocular tumors were derived from other disease biomarkers, such as CD71, nucleolin, and high mobility group A. In this review, the development and application of aptamers in eye disorders in recent years are systematically discussed, which may inspire a new link between aptamers and eye disorders. The aptamer development trajectory also facilitates the discovery of the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for various eye disorders.© 2023 Cao et al.