检查点抑制剂（CI）疗法已经显示出对局部复发或转移性头颈鳞状细胞癌（R L/M HNSCC）的治疗有益。以往的研究表明，在CI进展后，救治化疗（SCT）对于R/M HNSCC有更优越的益处。我们的目标是描述在尼伐曼单抗（nivolumab）进展后进行SCT的益处。如果患者在2017年至2022年之间接受了至少一次SCT注射治疗R/M HNSCC，他们就有资格参加此研究。这项研究是一项回顾性和单中心的研究。主要终点是救治化疗（SCT1）第一个方案的客观缓解率（ORR）。次要终点包括疾病控制率（DCR），SCT第二个疗程的ORR（ORR2），SCT1和SCT2（PFS2）的无进展生存期（PFS）以及总生存期（OS）。共有83名患者接受了SCT。SCT1的ORR为32%。中位无进展生存期（PFS）为2.20个月（95%CI 2.06-3.71）。中位总生存期（OS）为5.55个月（95%CI 4.82-10.20）。在复发设置中，对于SCT1的第一线治疗的ORR是独立的预后因子，对SCT1的PFS和OS有影响。在R/M HNSCC中，nivolumab后的SCT与32%的ORR相关。这些结果与其他出版物一致，表明在先前的免疫治疗中，SCT具有更优越的益处，与肿瘤结果无关。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。

Checkpoint inhibitor (CI) therapies have shown benefit in the treatment of locally recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R L/M HNSCC). Previous studies have suggested a superior benefit of salvage chemotherapy (SCT) in R/M HNSCC after progression on CI. We aimed to describe the benefit of SCT after progression on nivolumab.Patients were eligible if they received at least one injection of SCT in the treatment of R/M HNSCC after progression on nivolumab between 2017 and 2022. The present work was a retrospective and monocenter study. Primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) on first regimen of salvage chemotherapy (SCT1). Secondary endpoints were disease-control rate (DCR), ORR on second course of SCT (ORR2), progression-free survival (PFS) on SCT1 and SCT2 (PFS2) and overall survival (OS).Eighty-three patients received an SCT. The ORR on STC1 was 32%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.20 months (CI 95% 2.06-3.71). Median OS was 5.55 months (CI 95% 4.82-10.20). The ORR to the first line of treatment in the relapse setting was an independent prognostic factor for SCT1 PFS and OS.In R/M HNSCC, SCT following nivolumab is associated with ORRs of 32%. These results are consistent with other publications that suggest a superior benefit of SCT after CI treatment, independent of the tumor outcome on previous immunotherapy.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.