白细胞介素-7（IL-7）通过调节淋巴细胞的发育和稳态，对维持免疫系统的防御功能至关重要。研究发现，基于IL-7/IL-7受体（IL-7R）的免疫治疗在多种恶性肿瘤中具有高效性，在动物模型和人体中得到了确认。近年来，引入C7R表达的嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞和长效IL-7激动剂（如NT-I7（rhIL-7-hyFc，Efineptakin alfa））显著提高了患有胶质瘤的患者的无进展生存期和总生存期。然而，IL-7基于免疫治疗对肿瘤细胞对化疗的抵抗作用（与化疗药物同时使用时），仍存在不明确的情况，需要进一步研究。本文首先回顾了IL-7/IL-7R在肿瘤中的病理生理角色，重点关注胶质瘤。随后，讨论了IL-7/IL-7R及其重组衍生物在胶质瘤治疗中的价值。

Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is essential for maintaining the immune system's defense functions by regulating the development and homeostasis of lymphocytes. Findings have shown the high efficacy of IL-7/IL-7 receptor (IL-7R)-based immunotherapy on various malignancies, with confirmation in both animal models and humans. In recent years, the progression-free survival and overall survival of patients suffering from gliomas significantly increased by introducing C7R-expressing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells and long-acting IL-7 agonists such as NT-I7 (rhIL-7-hyFc, Efineptakin alfa). However, the effect of IL-7-based immunotherapies on the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy (when used simultaneously with chemotherapy agents) is still ambiguous and requires further studies. This article first reviews the pathophysiological roles of IL-7/IL-7R in tumors, focusing on gliomas. Subsequently, it discusses the therapeutic values of IL-7/IL-7R and the recombinant derivatives in gliomas.