多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种影响生育年龄女性营养状况、代谢和激素功能的内分泌疾病。这种疾病与雄激素过多产生（高雄激素血症）和胰岛素敏感性下降相关，常导致胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症。这种雄激素过多产生和胰岛素抵抗与发生于患有该疾病的女性中的肥胖、2型糖尿病（T2DM）、心血管疾病（CVD）和某些与性腺有关的癌症有很强的关联。随着研究的不断深入，已经证明PCOS是一种复杂的疾病，其特征在患者之间存在差异。然而，有研究表明氧化应激和低级慢性炎症在PCOS的发展中可能起着重要作用。目前的证据表明，植物化学物质可能通过减轻氧化应激和低级慢性炎症，并通过其抗氧化特性帮助代谢和激素调节，潜在地促进体重减轻。植物中的一些生物活性化合物如黄酮类化合物、多酚类化合物、植物雌激素和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在减轻PCOS方面表现出积极的效果。因此，在PubMed、Google Scholar和营养与饮食学院数据库中进行了关于PCOS和植物化学物质的文献综述，涵盖了2013年至2023年间发表的研究，研究持续时间为1至3个月，样本数量充足。这项文献综述的主要目的是通过比较几个随机临床试验的结果，调查植物化学物质和富含植物化学物质的饮食对患有PCOS的女性的代谢影响。

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine condition that impacts nutritional status, metabolic, and hormonal function in females of reproductive age. This condition is associated with increased androgen production (hyperandrogenism) and decreased insulin sensitivity, which often leads to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. This increase in androgen production and insulin resistance is strongly associated with a high incidence of obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and certain types of gonad-related cancers among females who suffer from this condition. As research continues to grow, it has been demonstrated that PCOS is a complex condition, and some of its characteristics vary among the females that have this disorder. However, it has been suggested that oxidative stress and low-grade chronic inflammation could play an important role in the development of PCOS. Current evidence suggest that phytochemicals could potentially help with weight-loss by reducing oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation, as well as aid in metabolic and hormonal regulation due to their antioxidant properties. Some of the bioactive compounds found in plants that have shown positive effects in the attenuation of PCOS include flavonoids, polyphenols, phytoestrogen, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Thus, a review of the current literature published on PCOS and phytochemicals was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics databases for articles published between 2013 and 2023 with a study duration of 1 to 3 months and adequate sample sizes. The main purpose of this review of literature was to investigate the metabolic effects of phytochemical compounds and phytochemical-rich diets on females with PCOS by comparing the results of several randomized clinical trials.