前列腺癌是老年男性中常见的癌症。世界卫生组织预测前列腺癌的发病率在未来几年将增加。患者可能对治疗不产生反应，或无法耐受化疗的副作用。有机来源的化合物长期以来一直被用于癌症的预防和治疗。从天然产物（如蜂胶）中提取的类黄酮是一种具有抗菌和抗病毒功效的化合物，可以调节免疫反应，并可能作为化疗的辅助药物。本研究的主要目的是评估选择的类黄酮化合物对前列腺癌LNCaP细胞的细胞毒性和促凋亡性能。本研究使用的化合物是CAPE、姜黄素（CUR）和槲皮素（QUE）。通过XTT-NR-SRB三重测定和荧光染色技术评估线粒体和溶酶体代谢情况。同时进行了活性氧物种染色。实验结果表明，所测化合物对LNCaP细胞株均具有细胞毒性作用。不同类型的细胞死亡被所测试的化合物诱导。槲皮素诱导凋亡，而使用CAPE后观察到特定于自噬的变化。从其他蜂产品中提取的化合物对LNCaP前列腺癌细胞具有抗增殖和细胞毒性活性。

Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men in older age groups. The WHO forecasts an increase in the incidence of prostate cancer in the coming years. Patients may not respond to treatment, and may not tolerate the side effects of chemotherapy. Compounds of natural origin have long been used in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Flavonoids obtained from natural products, e.g., propolis, are compounds with proven antibacterial and antiviral efficacy which modulate the immune response and may be useful as adjuvants in chemotherapy. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic properties of selected flavonoids on prostate cancer cells of the LNCaP line. The compounds used in this study were CAPE, curcumin (CUR), and quercetin (QUE). Mitochondrial and lysosome metabolism was assessed by the XTT-NR-SRB triple assay as well as by the fluorescent staining techniques. Staining for reactive oxygen species was performed as well. The experiment showed that each of the tested compounds has a cytotoxic effect on the LNCaP cell line. Different types of cell death were induced by the tested compounds. Apoptosis was induced by quercetin, while autophagy-specific changes were observed after using CAPE. Compounds obtained from other bee products have antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity against LNCaP prostate cancer cells.