本研究旨在比较奎宁石斑激光（Q-SA）和钕、掺杂的氧化铝钇石榴石激光（Nd:YAG）在治疗色素沉着疾病方面的疗效和安全性差异。收集了86例色素沉着疾病患者的临床数据并分组：根据治疗方法分为Q-SA激光组和Nd:YAG激光组，每组各43例。治疗后比较了临床疗效、皮肤屏障功能（经皮水分散失（TEWL）、角质层水分含量、pH值、蛋白聚糖含量）、色素沉着程度、血清炎性因子（高敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6））以及不良反应率。与Q-SA激光组相比，Nd:YAG激光组具有较低的结痂形成、愈合和结痂脱落时间，TEWL、pH值和蛋白聚糖含量降低，角质层水分含量增加，色素评分和面积减少，血清hs-CRP、TNF-α和IL-6水平降低（P<0.05）。Q-SA激光组的总有效率为76.74%，不良反应率为30.23%；Nd:YAG激光组的总有效率为95.35%，不良反应率为6.98%。与Q-SA激光组相比，Nd:YAG激光组的总有效率更高，不良反应发生率更低（P<0.05）。Nd:YAG激光联合重组人表皮生长因子凝胶治疗色素沉着疾病能有效保护皮肤屏障功能，减少皮肤色素沉着，降低炎症反应，改善治疗效果，具有高安全性。

It was to compare the differences in efficacy and safety for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders by Q-switched alexandrite (Q-SA) laser and Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. The clinical data of 86 patients with hyperpigmentation disorders were collected and grouped: in the Q-SA laser and Nd:YAG laser groups according to the treatment methods, with 43 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy, skin barrier function (transdermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum water content, pH value, proteoglycan content), degree of pigmentation, serum inflammatory factors (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), and adverse reaction rate were compared after treatment. Compared with the Q-SA laser group, Nd:YAG laser group had decreased scab formation, healing, and scab shedding time, TEWL, pH value, and proteoglycan content, the increased water content of stratum corneum, decreased pigmentation score and area, and decreased serum levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 (P<0.05). The total effective rates were 76.74% and 95.35%, and the adverse reaction rates were 30.23% and 6.98%, respectively in the Q-SA laser and Nd:YAG laser groups. Compared with the Q-SA laser group, Nd:YAG laser group had a higher total effective rate and lower incidence rate of adverse reactions (P<0.05). Nd:YAG laser plus rhEGF gel in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders can effectively protect the skin barrier function, reduce skin pigmentation, reduce the inflammatory response, and improve the therapeutic effect, with high safety.