化疗是一种常见的癌症治疗策略。然而，其疗效受到毒性和不良反应的限制。蔺丽草科植物丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge）在治疗血液淤滞疾病方面有着悠久的历史，而这些疾病被传统中医认为与癌症有关。本综述总结了化疗的常见毒性以及丹参中活性成分的辅助化疗效果和机制，旨在为丹参资源的开发和应用提供有价值的信息。相关文献从2002年到2022年在PubMed、Web of Science、百度学术和谷歌学术数据库中检索。纳入标准为报道丹参或其成分增强化疗药物效果或减轻副作用的研究。丹参中的主要辅助化疗成分包括丹参酸A、丹参酸B、丹参酸C、迷迭香酸、丹参酮I、丹参酮IIA、丹参酮I、丹参酮及丹参内酯。这些机制主要涉及抑制增殖、转移和血管生成，诱导细胞凋亡，调节自噬和肿瘤微环境。此外，它们还能改善化疗药物引起的副作用。当与化疗药物联合使用时，丹参的生物活性化合物显示出抑制增殖、转移和血管生成，诱导凋亡和自噬，调节免疫和肿瘤微环境的作用。然而，进一步的临床研究需要验证当前的研究结果。版权所有©2023。Elsevier B.V.出版。

Chemotherapy is a common cancer treatment strategy. However, its effectiveness is constrained by toxicity and adverse effects. The Lamiaceae herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge has a long history of therapeutic use in the treatment of blood stasis illnesses, which are believed by traditional Chinese medicine to be connected to cancer.This review summarized the common toxicity of chemotherapy and the potential chemo-adjuvant effect and mechanisms of active ingredients from S. miltiorrhiza, hoping to provide valuable information for the development and application of S. miltiorrhiza resources.The literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar and Google Scholar databases from 2002 to 2022. The inclusion criteria were studies reporting that S. miltiorrhiza or its constituents enhanced the efficiency of chemotherapy drugs or reduced the side effects.Salvianolic acid A, salvianolic acid B, salvianolic acid C, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone I and miltirone are the primary adjuvant chemotherapy components of S. miltiorrhiza. The mechanisms mainly involve inhibiting proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, inducing apoptosis, regulating autophagy and tumor microenvironment. In addition, they also improve chemotherapy drug-induced side effects.The bioactive compounds of S. miltiorrhiza are shown to inhibit proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, induce apoptosis and autophagy, regulate immunity and tumor microenvironment when combined with chemotherapy drugs. However, further clinical studies are required to validate the current studies.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.