癌症的发展和进展与癌基因的激活和肿瘤抑制基因的丧失密切相关。核酸药物（如siRNA、mRNA和DNA）由于其特异的调节任何与癌相关的基因表达的能力而被广泛用于癌症治疗。然而，核酸药物是带负电的生物大分子，易受血清核酸酶攻击且不能穿透细胞膜。因此，需要特定的传递工具来促进核酸药物的细胞内传递。在过去的几十年里，各种纳米颗粒（NPs）已被设计和开发用于核酸传递和癌症治疗。尤其值得关注的是，对癌细胞中异常氧化还原状态的响应的高分子纳米颗粒因其红氧状态触发的纳米结构解离和核酸药物快速细胞内释放的潜力而受到更多关注。在本综述中，我们简要介绍了调节癌细胞中异常氧化还原状态的重要基因或信号通路，并系统总结了最近发展的红氧响应性纳米颗粒用于核酸传递和癌症治疗。我们还讨论了纳米颗粒介导的核酸传递的未来发展以及其在临床转化中的挑战。本文受版权保护。版权所有，禁止转载。

Cancer development and progression of cancer is closely associated with the activation of oncogenes and loss of tumor suppressor genes. Nucleic acid drugs (e.g., siRNA, mRNA, and DNA) have been widely used for cancer therapy due to their specific ability to regulate the expression of any cancer-associated genes. However, nucleic acid drugs are negatively charged biomacromolecules that are susceptible to serum nucleases and could not cross cell membrane. Therefore, specific delivery tools are required to facilitate the intracellular delivery of nucleic acid drugs. In the past few decades, a variety of nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed and developed for nucleic acid delivery and cancer therapy. In particular, the polymeric NPs in response to the abnormal redox status in cancer cells have garnered much more attention as their potential in redox-triggered nanostructure dissociation and rapid intracellular release of nucleic acid drugs. In this review, we briefly introduce the important genes or signaling pathways regulating the abnormal redox status in cancer cells and systemically summarize the recent development of redox-responsive NPs for nucleic acid delivery and cancer therapy. We also discuss the future development of NPs-mediated nucleic acid delivery and their challenges in clinical translation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.