进展期恶性黑色素瘤的自然史表明，在大多数情况下，肿瘤的广泛转移之前会出现涉及肿瘤引流淋巴结（哨兵淋巴结）的区域转移。在生理条件下，淋巴结通过感受性淋巴，对非自身抗原进行免疫监视起着重要作用。哨兵淋巴结的免疫功能障碍由肿瘤分泌因子介导，通过创造早转移巢穴（预转移巢穴）使转移性黑色素瘤细胞在淋巴结内存活。最近的研究概述了黑色素瘤介导的淋巴结改变的微环境。本文讨论了参与扭曲肿瘤免疫和改造淋巴结的肿瘤分泌因子，并强调新兴治疗策略以重建哨兵淋巴结的抗肿瘤免疫力。版权所有© 2023 作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发表。保留所有权利。

The natural history of advanced malignant melanoma demonstrates that, in most cases, widespread tumor dissemination is preceded by regional metastases involving tumor-draining lymph nodes [sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs)]. Under physiological conditions, LNs play a central role in immunosurveillance to non-self-antigens to which they are exposed via afferent lymph. The dysfunctional immunity in SLNs is mediated by tumor secretory factors that allow the survival of metastatic melanoma cells within the LN by creating a premetastatic niche (PMN). Recent studies outline the altered microenvironment of LNs shaped by melanoma mediators. Here, we discuss tumor secretory factors involved in subverting tumor immunity and remodeling LNs and highlight emerging therapeutic strategies to reinvigorate antitumoral immunity in SLNs.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.